主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 621-626.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

汕头海湾隧道消防减灾设计研究与应用

何潇剑,李献航   

  1. (中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司,天津 300308)
  • 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-05-15
  • 作者简介:何潇剑(1986-),男,甘肃秦安人,中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司,高级工程师,分院副总工程师,学士,主要从事隧道、地下工程给排水及消防的设计和研究工作,广东省深圳市宝安区裕安一路宝鸿林大厦12层(中铁六院深圳项目部),518133。

Design and application of fire protection and disaster reduction in Shantou Bay Tunnel

HE Xiao-jian, LI Xian-hang   

  1. (China Railway Liu Yuan Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300308, China)
  • Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-05-15

摘要: 以汕头海湾隧道工程为依托,通过调研相关规范和工程实例、同步开展火灾实验和数值模拟分析,对消防减灾设计中的火灾规模、控烟排烟模式、自动报警及消防灭火措施等几个关键技术难题进行了应用研究。结果表明,当隧道设置自动灭火系统时,即使隧道允许货车拖车通行,火灾规模也可按50 MW进行设计;当隧道采用集中排烟模式时,隧道顶板温度低于900 ℃,烟气蔓延范围小于300 m,温度影响范围为火源两侧10 m,能见度影响范围为火源两侧5 m,CO体积分数小于临界危险值5×10-4,疏散环境良好;当隧道设置两种不同的火灾探测器时,60 s内可完成报警,水下长大隧道应设置消火栓、灭火器和自动灭火系统,优先采用泡沫-水喷雾联用灭火系统,消防时3个灭火分区同时动作。

关键词: 海底长大隧道, 消防设计, 火灾规模, 排烟模式, 消防灭火措施

Abstract: Abstract: Based on the Shantou Bay Tunnel Project, several key technical parameters such as fire scale, smoke control and exhaust mode, automatic alarm and fire extinguishing measures in fire control and disaster reduction design were studied by investigating related codes and project cases, and simultaneously carrying out fire experiment and numerical simulation analysis. The results show that when the tunnel is equipped with automatic fire extinguishing system, the fire scale can be designed as 50 MW even if the tunnel allows the passage of trucks and trailers. When the tunnel adopts centralized smoke exhaust mode, the roof temperature of the tunnel is lower than 900 ℃, the smoke spread range is less than 300 m, the temperature influence range is 10 m and the visibility influence range is 5 m on both sides of the fire source, the CO volume fraction is less than the critical danger value of 5×10-4, and the evacuation environment is good. When the tunnel is equipped with two different kinds of fire detectors, the alarm can be completed within 60 s. The underwater long tunnel should be equipped with fire hydrants, fire extinguishers and automatic fire extinguishing systems, and the foam-water spray combined fire extinguishing system should be preferred, and the three fire extinguishing zones should operate at the same time.

Key words: Key words: long submarine tunnel, fire design, fire scale, smoke exhaust mode, fire extinguishing measures