主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 670-674.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

阳角构型及转角处聚氨酯泡沫顺流火蔓延研究

马鑫1, 葛祥1, 张翔1, 朱旭峰2   

  1. （1. 安徽建筑大学 环境与能源工程学院，安徽 合肥 230601；2. 中能建建筑集团有限公司，安徽 合肥 230088）
  • 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-05-15
  • 作者简介:马 鑫（1986— ），男，安徽合肥人，安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院副教授，主要从事建筑消防安全研究，安徽省合肥市蜀山区紫云路292号，230601。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高校协同创新项目（GXXT-2020-079）；安徽省高校协同创新项目（GTXXT-2019-027）；博士后科技项目（2021kj04）

Study on the structure of positive angle and the flame propagation of polyurethane foam in the corner

Ma Xin1, Ge Xiang1, Zhang Xiang1, Zhu Xufeng2   

  1. (1. College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Anhui Hefei 230601, China; 2. China Energy Construction Group Co., Ltd., Anhui Hefei 230088, China)
  • Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-05-15

摘要： 通过自行搭建的试验台对建筑立面阳角构型下聚氨酯泡沫塑料（PU）的顺流火蔓延特性进行试验研究。结果表明，聚氨酯泡沫塑料顺流火蔓延行为主要受样材燃烧特性、传热机制、立面受限构型以及转角结构的影响。火蔓延过程中，前期燃烧反应慢，导致炭层加厚，形成了以熔塌间隔作为边界的短暂熄灭区。热解前锋倾角在转角结构的作用下，经历先减后增再减的过程。获得的火蔓延典型特征参数,主要包括平均火蔓延速率、燃烧速率、火焰平均高度等，在熔滴效应和空气卷吸的共同作用下，均呈周期性震荡规律。针对转角结构区，火蔓延传热机制、传热量以及化学当量比主要由结构因子决定，在研究分析结构因子对其改变的内在机理的基础上，结合空气卷吸导致的火焰推力以及散热等机制，对3种特征参数进行分析，得出平均火焰高度呈三段式分布，于火焰起始期，hf (t)和t遵循如下公式：h_f (t)=-95.43+101.93exp(0.025t),平均火蔓延速度和燃烧速率于转角阶段均出现由增转降的突变。

关键词: 顺流火蔓延, 转角区, 聚氨酯材料, 阳角构型

Abstract: The fire propagation characteristics of polyurethane foam (PU) under the vertical external angle configuration was studied experimentally by a self-built experimental platform. The results show that the down-flow fire propagation behavior of polyurethane foam is mainly affected by the combustion characteristics, heat transfer mechanism, confined configuration of facade and corner structure. In the process of fire spreading, the early combustion reaction is slow, which leads to the thickening of the carbon layer and the formation of a transient quenching zone bounded by the melting interval. Under the action of the angular structure, the inclination angle of the pyrolysis front first decreases, then increases and then decreases. The typical characteristic parameters of fire spread, including average fire spread rate, combustion rate and average flame height, show periodic oscillation law under the joint action of droplet effect and air enrolling. For corner structure in terms of area, fire spread heat transfer mechanism, heat transfer and chemical equivalent ratio is mainly decided by the structure factor, structure factor in research analysis. On the basis of the intrinsic mechanism of the change, combined with air entrainment cause flame thrust and heat dissipation mechanism, analyzes three kinds of characteristic parameters. The average flame height distributed in three segment pattern during the flame initiation period, and follows the formula of hf（t）=-95.43+1.1.93exp（0.025t）. The average fire spread speed and combustion rate both exhibit a sudden change from increasing to decreasing during the corner stage.

Key words: downstream fire spread, corner area, polyurethane foam, heat-transfer mechanism, elevation of fire