主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 1575-1579.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

易燃易爆液池重气浓度扩散规律分析

马 野1，何娟霞1，刘 磊2，杨荔椋3   

  1. （1.广西大学 资源环境与材料学院，广西 南宁 530004；2.中国科学技术大学 火灾科学国家重点实验室，安徽 合肥 230026；3.中南大学 土木工程学院，湖南 长沙 410075)
  • 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 何娟霞（1979-），女，陕西兴平人，广西大学资源环境与材料学院讲师，硕士研究生导师，博士。
  • 作者简介:马 野（1996-），男，吉林长春人，广西大学资源环境与材料学院硕士研究生，主要从事生产事故应急预警预防研究，广西壮族自治区南宁市大学东路100号，530004。
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目：广西科技厅重点研发计划资助项目(桂科AB16380288)

The diffusion analysis of heavy gas concentration of flammable and explosive liquid pools

MA Ye1，HE Juan-xia1，LIU Lei2，YANG Li-liang3   

  1. 1. School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Guangxi Nanning 530004, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Hefei 230026, China; 3. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Hunan Changsha 410075, China
  • Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-11-15

摘要： 易燃易爆危化品储罐泄漏后易造成火灾爆炸事故。为研究不同泄漏物质连续实时泄漏液池重气体积分数扩散规律，运用SLAB模型模拟汽油、乙醇、甲醇及甲醛储罐泄漏后的重气扩散。结果表明：重气与略重气扩散体积分数随下风向距离变化均呈现先增大后减小的趋势。在距地高0.3~0.6 m处，甲醇和甲醛的混合蒸气云团体积分数峰值均高于各自爆炸下限的5.5%和7.0%，危险性大于重气，更易导致火灾爆炸等事故。

关键词: 重气扩散, 略重气扩散, SLAB仿真, 液池面积, 火灾爆炸

Abstract: Hazardous chemicals with the properties of flammability and explosion are prone to cause fire and explosion accidents when tank leaks. In order to study the law of heavy-gas concentration diffusion caused by different liquid pools in continuous discharge, this paper uses the SLAB model to simulate the concentration diffusion of liquid pools released by tanks with gasoline, ethanol, methanol, and formaldehyde, respectively. The results show that the concentration tendency for denser-than-air diffusion and slightly denser-than-air diffusion increases firstly and then decreases with the downwind distance. The peak concentration of mixed vapor clouds of methanol and formaldehyde, at the height of 0.3~0.6 m from the ground to the detecting point of flammable gas detector, is higher than their lower explosive limit that is 5.5% and 7.0% respectively, which is more dangerous than heavy gas, and more likely to result in fire and explosion accidents.

Key words: heavy gas diffusion, slightly heavy gas diffusion, SLAB simulation, liquid-pool area, fire and explosion