主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 226-230.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Gustav法的木结构古建筑群火灾风险评估

张晓锦1,2,3，朱国庆1,2,3，刘 向1,2,3，郑 锦1,4   

  1. （1.中国矿业大学 安全工程学院，江苏 徐州 221116； 2.中国矿业大学 煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116； 3.中国矿业大学 消防工程研究所，江苏 徐州 221116；4.黔东南州消防救援支队，贵州 黔东南556000）
  • 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-02-15
  • 作者简介:张晓锦(1999-)，男，山西朔州人，中国矿业大学安全工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事建筑火灾防护和性能化防火设计等方面的研究，江苏省徐州市铜山区大学路1号，221116。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2021ZDPY0218）

Fire risk assessment of wooden structure ancient buildings based on Gustav method

ZHANG Xiao-jin1,2,3, ZHU Guo-qing1,2,3, LIU Xiang1,2,3, ZHENG Jin1,4   

  1. (1. School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China; 3. Fire Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China; 4.Qiandongnan Fire and Rescue Division, Guizhou Qiandongnan 556000, China)
  • Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-02-15

摘要： 为了研究大型木结构古建筑群的火灾风险，深入西江千户苗寨、郎德上寨、大利侗寨、肇兴侗寨等大型木结构古建筑群开展实地调研，并归纳总结了大型木结构古建筑群的火灾危险性特点。结合上述火灾危险性特点，构建了基于Gustav法的大型木结构古建筑群火灾风险评估模型，并应用此模型对西江千户苗寨进行火灾风险评估：使用层次分析法确定了11个区域的灭火延迟因子、人员危险因子、财产危险因子、烟气因子的指标权重；依据Gustav法参数取值表对固定火灾荷载因子、易燃性因子、火灾区域及位置因子赋值，形成新的评估体系，通过该评估体系得到各个区域的GR-IR评估结果；最后对西江千户苗寨11个区域分别提出了增设消防疏散通道、强化智慧消防设备应用等相应的建筑火灾防护措施。

关键词: 木结构, 古建筑群, Gustav法, 火灾风险评估

Abstract: In order to study the fire risk of large-scale wooden structure ancient buildings, conducted field investigations on large-scale wooden structure ancient buildings such us Thousand Miao Villages of Xijiang, Lang De, Dali Dong Village, Zhaoxing Dong Village, etc., also summarized the fire hazard characteristics of large-scale ancient wooden buildings. Combined with the above-mentioned fire hazard characteristics, constructed a fire risk assessment model for large-scale wooden structure ancient buildings based on the Gustav method, and it was used to conduct fire risk assessment on Thousand Miao Villages Xijiang. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the index weights of the extinguishing delay factor, personnel risk factor, property risk factor, and smoke factor in 11 areas; According to the Gustav method parameter value table, assigned values to the fixed fire load factor, flammability factor, fire area and location factor, formed a new evaluation system, and calculated the GR-IR evaluation results of each area; Finally, corresponding building fire protection measures were proposed for the 11 areas of Thousand Miao Villages of Xijiang, such as the addition of fire exits, and strengthen the application of smart fire-fighting equipment, etc.

Key words: wooden structure, ancient buildings, Gustav method, fire hazard assessment