主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1460-1463.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

滇中地区主要树种单一燃烧性能研究

张运生1,2,舒立福2,翟春婕1,刘柯珍1   

  1. (1.南京森林警察学院,江苏 南京 210023;2.中国林业科学研究院 森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京 100091)
  • 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 国家自然科学基金项目(31901321);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(LGZD201606);中国民用航空局安全能力建设项目(民航局合同[2021]143 号);民航警务研究中心项目(205432024)
  • 作者简介:作者简介:张运生(1977- ),男,河北邢台人,南京森林警察学院副教授,硕士,主要从事森林防火研究工作,江苏省南京市仙林大学城文澜路28号,210023。

Study on the single combustibility of main tree species in central Yunnan

Zhang Yunsheng1,2, Shu Lifu2, Zhai Chunjie1, Liu Kezhen1   

  1. (1. Nanjing Forest Police College, Jiangsu Nanjing 210023, China; 2. Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Nature Conservation, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China)
  • Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-15

摘要: 摘 要:树种燃烧性研究是森林可燃物调控的基础,可以为多种可燃物调控措施的制定提供理论依据和数据支撑。利用锥形量热仪对滇中地区9个树种和草本植物紫茎泽兰的2~4,5~8,9~12 mm直径枯枝(枯茎)燃烧性进行测定,对单一性燃烧性能进行分析,结果如下:随枯枝直径的增加,各树种点燃时间、持续燃烧时间、热释放速率峰值时间和有效燃烧热峰值时间变长,热释放速率峰值和质量损失速率峰值随枯枝直径的增加逐渐降低;直径越小,热释放速率峰值和质量损失速率峰值(pMLR)越明显,随着枯枝直径的增加,热释放速率峰值和质量损失速率峰值逐渐不明显;有效燃烧热峰值和比消光面积峰值与枯枝直径相关性不大;各树种随枯枝直径的增加,质量损失速率峰值时间逐渐增长;比消光面积峰值时间除桉树随枯枝直径增加而降低外,其他树种逐渐增长;草本植物紫茎泽兰与9个树种比较,点燃时间(TTI)、持续燃烧时间、热释放速率峰值时间、有效燃烧热峰值时间、质量损失速率峰值时间和比消光面积峰值时间最小,容易燃烧,火灾危害性大,易引燃树冠火;圆柏和藏柏热释放速率峰值高,华山松和云南松点燃时间和热释放速率峰值时间小,这4个树种易燃性高,着火后易引发连续树冠火,火强度大,容易造成大的损失。在森林可燃物调控过程中,要及时清理林下枯枝,特别是直径较小的枯枝。

关键词: 关键词:树种, 燃烧性, 锥形量热仪

Abstract: Abstract: In order to study suppression effect of 4A zeolite on dust explosion of wheat starch, based on the optimum mass concentration of wheat starch, experiments of mixed dust explosion of wheat starch/4A zeolite were conducted by using closed Siwek 20-L sphere, and the variation law of pmax and (dp/dt)max of mixed dust with the increase of the mass of 4A zeolite was analyzed. The experimental results show that 4A zeolite can reduce the explosion intensity of wheat starch and inhibit the propagation of explosion flame.In 10 g of wheat starch, the addition of 4A zeolite can continuously reduce (dp/dt)max of wheat starch, and when its mass fraction is over 9.09%, it can greatly reduce pmax of wheat starch and mixed dust cannot explode. 4A zeolite can weaken dust explosion of wheat starch, and inhibit the propagation of explosion flame through physical and chemical suppression effect, including heat absorption, dilution and free radical adsorption.

Key words: Key words: dust explosion, wheat starch, 4A zeolite, inert powder, suppression effect