主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 510-515.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

压缩空气泡沫对溶剂油蒸气密封性能研究

靖立帅1,2,3, 包志明1,2,3, 赵婷婷1,2,3, 柯鑫1,2,3   

  1. （1. 应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381；2. 工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381；3. 天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381）
  • 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-04-15
  • 作者简介:靖立帅（1988- ），男，河南新乡人，应急管理部天津消防研究所助理研究员，硕士，主要从事灭火剂及灭火技术研究，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题（2022YFC3004902）；天津市应用基础多元投入基金项目（22JCQNJC01740）；所级自有资金支持项目（2022SJZYZJ05）

Study on sealing performance of compressed air foam to solvent oil vapour

Jing Lishuai1,2,3, Bao Zhiming1,2,3, Zhao Tingting1,2,3, Ke Xin1,2,3   

  1. (1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-04-15

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摘要： 基于美国环境保护署通量室试验模型，研究建立了泡沫密封性能评价试验方法，考察了发泡倍数和泡沫厚度等因素对成膜型压缩空气泡沫密封性能的影响，测量并计算了油蒸气挥发速率和有效抑蒸时间，从发泡倍数影响作用规律和泡沫析液滴落行为阐释了泡沫密封性能的主要作用机制。结果表明：成膜型压缩空气泡沫能够有效抑制120#溶剂油蒸气挥发，3 cm的6.5倍泡沫的有效抑蒸时间超过30 min；发泡倍数是影响压缩空气泡沫密封性能的关键技术参数，发泡倍数越低，压缩空气泡沫密封性能越高，建议优先使用15倍以下泡沫处置120#溶剂油泄漏事故；对于成膜型压缩空气泡沫，不同发泡倍数条件下水膜对油蒸气密封性能差异不大，泡沫层中液膜是控制油蒸气挥发的主要因素，发泡倍数越低，泡沫中液体含量越高，对油蒸气挥发的抑制作用越强。

关键词: 发泡倍数, 泡沫厚度, 抑制, 油气浓度

Abstract: Based on the flux chamber test model of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, an evaluation test method was established to assess the foam sealing performance. This study investigates the impact of expansion and foam thickness on the sealing performance of film-forming compressed air foam. The evaporation rate of oil vapor and the effective evaporation inhibition time were measured and calculated. Additionally, the main control mechanism of foam sealing performance was explained by analyzing the effects of expansion and the droplet dropping behavior of foam drainage. The results demonstrate that the film-forming compressed air foam can effectively inhibit the evaporation of 120# solvent oil vapor. Specifically, the effective inhibition time of 3 cm 6.5 times foam exceeds 30 minutes. It was observed that the sealing performance of compressed air foam increases as the expansion decreases. Therefore, it is recommended to use foam with an expansion of less than 15 times to address 120# solvent oil leakage accidents. Furthermore, for film-forming compressed air foam, the difference in oil vapor sealing performance due to different foaming ratios is small, and the liquid film within the foam layer is found to be the main factor controlling oil vapor volatilization. Notably, the foam with lower expansion contains a higher liquid content, resulting in a stronger inhibition effect on oil vapor volatilization.

Key words: expansion, foam thickness, suppression, oil-gas concentration