主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 511-517.

• • 上一篇    

地下变电站主变室燃爆场景固定灭火系统效能分析

程宜风1, 张佳庆1, 过羿1, 李毅2,3,4, 李晶晶2,3,4, 陈晔2,3,4   

  1. （1.国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 电力火灾与安全防护安徽省重点实验室(国家电网公司输变电设施火灾防护实验室)，安徽 合肥 230601； 2.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381； 3. 工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381；4. 天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381）
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-05 修回日期:2024-08-08 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-15
  • 作者简介:程宜风，国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院电力火灾与安全防护安徽省重点实验室（国家电网公司输变电设施火灾防护实验室）高级工程师，硕士，主要从事电力火灾与安全防护方面的研究工作，安徽省合肥市经开区紫云路299号，230601。
  • 基金资助:
    国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目（52120523000T）

Efficiency analysis of fire fighting system in main equipment fire and explosion scenario of underground substation

Cheng Yifeng1, Zhang Jiaqing1,Guo Yi1, Li Yi2,3,4, Li Jingjing2,3,4, Chen Ye2,3,4   

  1. (1. State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electric Fire and Safety Protection(State Grid Laboratory of Fire Protection for Transmission and Distribution Facilities), Hefei Anhui 230601, China; 2. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 4. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Received:2024-06-05 Revised:2024-08-08 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-15

摘要： 为系统评估地下变电站燃爆场景固定灭火系统控灭火效能，基于安全系统工程学、数值模拟和试验，构建地下变电站固定灭火系统效能体系架构，以某500 kV地下变电站主变压器室为研究对象，开展系统可靠性定性分析和燃爆工况系统生存能力评价。结果表明：在顶部油箱撕裂火灾、集油池火灾模拟工况下，火焰长期高温烘烤极有可能引燃油枕内部变压器油，引发事故连锁效应。当变压器油析出可燃混合气，在变压器周围充分扩散时，中心点火和一侧点火燃爆工况下的消防管道及墙壁处最大超压分别为54.0 kPa和73.9 kPa。受火焰高温和爆炸冲击影响，固定灭火系统可能出现消防管道变形、非全不锈钢材质喷头熔融，需要采取相应技术措施提升系统抗爆炸耐高温能力。

关键词: 地下变电站, 固定灭火系统, 火灾, 爆炸

Abstract: In order to systematically evaluate the efficiency of the fixed firefighting system in the fire and explosion scene of underground substation, the efficiency architecture of the fixed firefighting system in underground substation is proposed based on safety system engineering, numerical simulation and test. Taking the main transformer room of a 500 kV underground substation as the research object, the qualitative analysis of system reliability and the evaluation of system survivability under fire and explosion conditions were carried out. The results show that under the simulation conditions of top oil tank tear fire and oil collecting pool fire, the flame baking at high temperature for a long time was very likely to ignite the transformer in the fuel tie and cause the accident chain effect. When the precipitated oil vapor cloud develops fully around the transformer and ignites, the maximum overpressure at the fire pipe and wall corresponding to the central ignition was about 54.0 kPa, and the maximum overpressure value under the condition of one side ignition is 73.9 kPa. Due to the impact of flame and high temperature, the sprinkler of non-stainless steel was likely to melt and the fire pipe was deformed. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding measures to improve the dry burning and explosion resistance of the fire pipe system in underground substations.

Key words: underground substation, fixed firefighting systems, fire, explosion