泡沫灭火剂环保性能研究现状及发展趋势

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9): 1287-1296.

泡沫灭火剂环保性能研究现状及发展趋势

张宪忠1,2,3, 赵婷婷1,2,3, 包志明1,2,3

（1.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381； 2.工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381； 3.天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381）

收稿日期:2025-06-26 修回日期:2025-07-21 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-15
作者简介:张宪忠，应急管理部天津消防研究所第三研究室副研究员，主要从事灭火剂产品研发及环保性能评估研究，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381，zhangxianzhong@tfri.com.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3706800）；应急管理部天津消防研究所基科费项目（2024SJ20，2025SJ02）

Research status and development trend of environmental performance of foam fire extinguishing agent

Zhang Xianzhong1,2,3, Zhao Tingting1,2,3, Bao Zhiming1,2,3

(1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China)

Received:2025-06-26 Revised:2025-07-21 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 泡沫灭火剂作为一类消防安全产品，其广泛、大量使用造成的环境污染和生物毒性引起了广泛关注，国内外研究人员对泡沫灭火剂的环保性能开展了大量研究。本文综述了国内外泡沫灭火剂环保性能评价指标和方法，分析了国内外主要类型泡沫灭火剂的环保性能特征，对比了国内外在泡沫灭火剂环保性能方面的标准和认证差异，并结合我国泡沫灭火剂产品的生产和应用现状，提出了后续发展建议，以期为完善我国泡沫灭火剂环保性能评价研究及泡沫灭火剂标准，降低泡沫灭火剂造成的环境风险提供参考。

关键词: 泡沫灭火剂；环保性能；生物毒性；生物降解性；环境有机负荷

Abstract: As a category of fire safety products, foam fire extinguishing agent have raised global concern due to the environmental pollution and ecotoxicity effects resulting from their widespread and extensive use. Consequently, substantial researches have been conducted by domestic and international researchers on the environmental properties of these agents. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the evaluation indicators and methodologies for assessing the environmental properties of foam fire extinguishing agents worldwide. It analyzes the environmental performance characteristics of major types of foam fire extinguishing agents used domestically and internationally, and compares the differences in relevant standards and certification systems concerning environmental properties across various regions. Considering the current status of production and application within China, future recommendations are proposed. This review aims to provide references for advancing research on environmental performance evaluation of foam fire extinguishing agents in China, refining relevant standards, and mitigating the environmental risks associated with their use.

Key words: foam fire extinguishing agent; environmental performance; ecotoxicity; biodegradability; environmental organic loading

张宪忠, 赵婷婷, 包志明. 泡沫灭火剂环保性能研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2025, 44(9): 1287-1296.

Zhang Xianzhong, Zhao Tingting, Bao Zhiming. Research status and development trend of environmental performance of foam fire extinguishing agent[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2025, 44(9): 1287-1296.