主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 1604-1610.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

受限空间内惰性气体对甲烷/煤尘复合爆炸抑制特性研究

李志峰1, 纪文涛2,3   

  1. （1.新乡市消防救援支队，河南 新乡 453004； 2.河南理工大学 安全科学与工程学院, 河南 焦作 454003； 3.河南省燃爆动力灾害预警与应急工程技术研究中心，河南 焦作 454003）
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-11 修回日期:2025-07-21 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-15
  • 作者简介:李志峰，新乡市消防救援支队副支队长/高级工程师，主要从事火灾防治与消防救援方面的工作，河南省新乡市牧野区新中大道，453004。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省“科创中原”青年人才托举工程项目（2024HYTP031）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51904094）

Study on the inhibition characteristics of CH4/coal dust composite explosion by inert gas in confined space

Li Zhifeng1, Ji Wentao2,3   

  1. (1. Xinxiang Fire and Rescue Division, Xinxiang Henan 453004, China; 2. School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454003, China; 3. Henan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Explosion Dynamic Disaster Early Warning and Emergency, Jiaozuo Henan 454003, China)
  • Received:2025-06-11 Revised:2025-07-21 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-15

摘要： 瓦斯/煤尘混合爆炸是一种均相-异相耦合燃烧的复杂现象，其主导燃烧机制动态演变，相较于单一组分爆炸，混合爆炸具有更高的爆炸强度，是煤矿灾害防治中的重要挑战。本文基于20 L球型爆炸测试装置，考察了N2和CO2两种惰性气体对甲烷/煤尘复合爆炸的抑制效果，通过对比不同气体浓度下爆炸特征参数的变化趋势，揭示了两种惰性气体在抑爆效能上的差异及其作用机理。结果表明，N2和CO2对不同工况下的甲烷/煤尘复合爆炸均具有抑制作用，其中CO2的抑爆效果显著优于N2。抑爆过程中，CO2和N2均发挥了稀释作用和冷却作用，且CO2分子与爆炸过程中产生的关键活性自由基H·发生基元反应，降低了爆炸反应体系中活性自由基的含量，有效延缓了爆炸反应速率。研究结果可为煤矿爆炸灾害防控提供理论依据和量化参考。

关键词: 甲烷, 煤尘, 复合爆炸, 二氧化碳, 氮气, 爆炸抑制

Abstract: Gas/coal dust mixed explosion is a complex phenomenon of homogeneous-heterogeneous coupled combustion, and its dominant combustion mechanism dynamically evolves. Compared with single component explosion, it has higher explosion intensity and constitutes an important challenge in coal mine disaster prevention and control. Based on a 20 L spherical explosion testing device, this article investigates the inhibitory effects of two inert gases (N2 and CO2) on CH4/coal dust composite explosions. By comparing the changes in explosion characteristic parameters under different gas concentration conditions, the differences in explosion suppression efficiency between the two inert gases and their mechanisms of action are revealed. The research results indicate that N2 and CO2 have inhibitory effects on CH4/coal dust composite explosions under different composite conditions, with CO2 showing a significantly better explosion inhibition effect than N2. In the explosion inhibition process, both CO2 and N2 have exerted dilution and cooling effect. CO2 consumes the key active free radical H· generated during the explosion process through elementary reactions, thereby reducing the content of active free radicals in the explosion reaction system and effectively delaying the explosion reaction rate. The research results can provide theoretical basis and quantitative reference for the prevention and control of coal mine explosion disasters.

Key words: CH4, coal dust, composite explosion, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, explosion inhibition