快中子堆消防中钠气溶胶雾化固定控制技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 37-42.

快中子堆消防中钠气溶胶雾化固定控制技术

黄新¹, 汪传高¹, 石磊², 庞洪超¹

（1.中国原子能科学研究院，北京 102413； 2.华龙国际核电技术有限公司，北京 100032）

收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-01-17 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-15
作者简介:黄新，中国原子能科学研究院核安全与环境工程技术研究所，硕士研究生，主要从事放射性气溶胶控制研究，北京市房山区新镇，102413。

Fixed control technology of sodium aerosol atomization in fast neutron reactor firefighting

Huang Xin¹, Wang Chuangao¹, Shi Lei², Pang Hongchao¹

(1. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China; 2. Hualong Nuclear Power Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100032, China)

Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-01-17 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 严重钠火灾存在放射性钠气溶胶扩散的风险，需对其进行控制。雾化固定技术作为控制气溶胶的技术之一，有灵活、高效的优势，已成功应用于国外核设施的放射性气溶胶控制领域。为探究雾化固定技术在钠火消防系统中应用的可行性，进行了不同固定剂液滴粒径条件下的钠气溶胶控制试验。试验结果表明，对于粒子数总浓度为105量级、峰值粒径为1 μm的碳酸钠气溶胶，在使用固定剂的量为250 mL/m3、固定剂黏度为（143.4±3） cp情况下，30 min内大粒径（43.055 μm）、中粒径（13.057 μm）、小粒径（8.773 μm）固定剂液滴控制钠气溶胶的沉降率分别为9.10%、26.60%、38.55%，对应的气溶胶粒子数浓度平均下降速度分别为1 099、1 242、1 787 P/（cm3·min），符合固定剂液滴越小控制效果越好的理论趋势。通过对沉降到地面上的固定剂进行扰动，确定固定剂液滴粒径对再悬浮效果无明显影响，同时验证本技术可以成功地将气溶胶黏附到地面上。

关键词: 钠火事故, 钠气溶胶控制, 雾化固定技术, 气液两相流雾化器

Abstract: There is a risk of radioactive sodium aerosol diffusion in severe sodium fire accidents, which needs to be controlled. As one of the aerosol control technologies, atomization fixation technology has the advantages of flexibility and efficiency, and has been successfully applied in the field of radioactive aerosol control in foreign nuclear facilities. To explore the feasibility of applying atomization fixation technology in sodium fire protection systems, sodium aerosol suppression experiments were conducted under different droplet size conditions of fixative. Experiments have shown that for sodium carbonate aerosols with a total particle concentration of 105 and a peak particle size of 1 μm, when using a fixed agent at a dosage of 250 mL/m3 and a viscosity of (143.4±3) cp, the settling rates of large (43.055 μm), medium (13.057 μm), and small (8.773 μm) fixed agent droplets pressing sodium aerosols within 30 minutes are 9.10%, 26.60% and 38.55%, respectively. The corresponding average decrease rates of aerosol particle number concentration are 1 099, 1 242 and 1 787 P/(cm3·min), respectively. This is consistent with the theoretical trend that the smaller the droplet of the fixative, the better the compression effect. By disturbing the fixed agent that has settled on the ground, it was determined that the droplet size of the fixed agent has no significant effect on the resuspension effect, and it was also verified that this technology can successfully adhere the aerosol to the ground.

Key words: sodium fire accident, sodium aerosol control, atomization fixation technology, gas liquid two-phase flow atomizer

黄新, 汪传高, 石磊, 庞洪超. 快中子堆消防中钠气溶胶雾化固定控制技术[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2026, 45(3): 37-42.

Huang Xin, Wang Chuangao, Shi Lei, Pang Hongchao. Fixed control technology of sodium aerosol atomization in fast neutron reactor firefighting[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(3): 37-42.