燃气爆炸条件下剪类工具痕迹变化规律研究

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 14-19.

燃气爆炸条件下剪类工具痕迹变化规律研究

唐鹏, 刘玲, 叶宇舰

（中国人民警察大学，河北廊坊 065000）

收稿日期:2025-06-18 修回日期:2025-10-28 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
作者简介:唐鹏，中国人民警察大学硕士研究生，主要从事涉火涉爆犯罪侦查技术方面的研究，河北省廊坊市安次区西昌路220号中国人民警察大学研究生三队，065000。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3304103）

Study on the changing law of the traces of shear tools under the conditions of gas explosion

Tang Peng, Liu Ling, Ye Yujian

(China People's Police University, Langfang Hebei 065000, China)

Received:2025-06-18 Revised:2025-10-28 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 犯罪嫌疑人利用燃气爆炸掩盖犯罪现场工具痕迹的行为对案件侦破构成了挑战，而剪类工具痕迹在燃气爆炸环境下的留存规律研究相对匮乏。本文以家用剪刀剪切的燃气橡胶管为研究对象，通过瞬时高温试验平台（受热时间为200、400、600、800、1 000 ms）和全尺寸燃气爆炸试验平台，结合数码相机、体视显微镜和能谱仪，系统分析并比较了橡胶管剪切面的形貌与元素成分变化规律。结果表明，瞬时高温条件受热时间在200 ms以内时，剪类工具痕迹仍可通过体视显微镜识别；受热时间大于400 ms时，痕迹因严重炭化烧蚀无法辨识。全尺寸爆炸与瞬时高温200 ms工况对比显示，二者在形貌上均可识别表面剪类工具痕迹；在元素含量上存在一定差异，主要由氧化环境和热作用强度决定。本研究为燃气爆炸案件中剪类工具痕迹的鉴定与分析提供了理论依据和技术支持。

关键词: 瞬时高温, 橡胶管, 剪类工具痕迹, 燃气爆炸现场

Abstract: The practice of suspects using gas explosions to conceal tool marks at crime scenes poses challenges for case investigations, yet research on the retention patterns of cutting tool marks in gas explosion environments remains relatively scarce. This study examines gas rubber hoses cut by household scissors. Using an instantaneous high-temperature experimental platform (heating durations of 200, 400, 600, 800, 1 000 ms) and a full-scale gas explosion experimental platform, combined with digital cameras, stereomicroscopes, and energy dispersive spectrometers, we systematically analyzed and compared the morphological and elemental composition changes on the cut surfaces of the rubber hoses. Results indicate that under instantaneous high-temperature conditions with heating durations below 200 ms, shearing tool marks remain identifiable via stereomicroscopy. When heating exceeds 400 ms, marks become unrecognizable due to severe carbonization and ablation. Comparisons between full-scale explosions and 200 ms instantaneous high-temperature conditions revealed that both scenarios yielded identifiable surface shearing tool marks morphologically. Elemental content differences primarily resulted from varying oxidation environments and thermal intensity. This study provides theoretical foundations and technical support for identifying and analyzing shearing tool marks in gas explosion cases.

Key words: transient heat, rubber tube, shear tool marks, gas explosion site

唐鹏, 刘玲, 叶宇舰. 燃气爆炸条件下剪类工具痕迹变化规律研究[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2026, 45(5): 14-19.

Tang Peng, Liu Ling, Ye Yujian. Study on the changing law of the traces of shear tools under the conditions of gas explosion[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2026, 45(5): 14-19.