主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 374-377.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

电动汽车锂电池灭火技术研究

付晋1，雍艾华1，黄勇2   

  1. 1.重庆市两江新区消防救援支队，重庆 401120； 2.重庆力帆乘用车有限公司，重庆 401120
  • 出版日期:2020-03-15 发布日期:2020-03-15
  • 作者简介:付 晋（1972-），男，重庆市两江新区消防救援支队高级工程师，主要从事消防监督管理和火灾事故调查等工作，重庆市渝北区慈路竹2号，401120。

Research on fire extinguishing technology of lithium battery in electric vehicle

FU Jin1, YONG Ai-hua1, HUANG Yong2   

  1. 1.Chongqing Liangjiang New Area Fire and Rescue Detachment, Chongqing 401120， China; 2.Chongqing Lifan Passenger Vehicle Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120， China
  • Online:2020-03-15 Published:2020-03-15

摘要： 为了预防和减少电动汽车锂电池火灾造成的危害，分析了电动汽车发生火灾的现状，对近年来电动汽车起火案例进行了调查，针对电芯和动力锂电池组结构，分别对动力锂电池中的单颗电芯和电池模组中间的电芯进行加热试验。结果表明，动力锂电池不会发生剧烈爆炸，但具有火势猛烈、蔓延迅速的特点。通过对动力锂电池系统的热失控机制和起火过程的分析，对电动汽车动力锂电池火灾的灭火技术进行了研究，结合实际工作提出了灭火技术与方法建议。

关键词: 电动汽车, 锂电池, 燃烧, 热失控, 灭火技术

Abstract: In order to prevent and reduce the harm caused by the lithium battery fire of electric vehicles, this paper analyzes the current situation of the fire in electric vehicles, investigates the cases of the fire in electric vehicles in recent years, and conducts the heating test for the single cell and the cell in the middle of the battery module in the power lithium battery according to the structure of the cell and the power lithium battery group. The results show that the power lithium battery will not explode violently, but it has the characteristics of violent fire and rapid spread. Based on the analysis of the thermal runaway mechanism and fire process of the power lithium battery system, the fire extinguishing technology of the power lithium battery fire of electric vehicle is studied, and the fire extinguishing technology and method suggestions are put forward in combination with the actual work.

Key words: electric vehicle, lithium battery, combustion; thermal runaway, fire fighting technology