主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1688-1692.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

超大方形空间火灾特点的仿真与实验研究

李营1，张年立2，杨立1，任凯1，张英3   

  1. 1. 海军工程大学动力工程学院，湖北武汉430033；2. 92337 部队，辽宁大连116023；3. 武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院，湖北武汉430012
  • 出版日期:2020-12-15 发布日期:2020-12-15
  • 作者简介:李营（1981-），男，海军工程大学动力工程学院讲师，博士，主要从事舰艇消防工程研究，湖北省武汉市解放大道717 号127 信箱，430013。
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省2019 年自然科学基金项目（2019CFB796）；海军工程大学2019 年大学自主立项“基于场模拟技术的丙烷气体燃烧火焰形态控制技术研究”

Simulation and experimental study on fire behavior in super large square building

LI Ying1, ZHANG Nian-li2, YANG Li1, REN Kai1, ZHANG Ying3   

  1. 1. College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Hubei Wuhan 430013, China; 2. The Army of 92337, Liaoning Dalian 116023, China; 3. College of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei Wuhan 430013, China
  • Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-15

摘要：

针对超大方形建筑空间消防安全，采用仿真与实验相结合的方法，对此类空间发生火灾后的温度分布、烟气沉降、氧气浓度等内容展开了研究。研究表明，此类空间一旦发生大尺度火灾，烟气运动会出现明显的“分层”“顶棚射流”“壁面射流”现象；火场内温度分布呈现高、中、低3 个梯度，高、中两个梯度会在300 s 内超过人体承受温度；烟气沉降过程中会短暂停留在距离地面某一高度处；同时，烟气沉降到地面后，可燃物仍将继续长时间在浓度约为16%~18%的氧气中继续燃烧，且氧气浓度最低位置不是在火源附近，而极有可能出现在远离火源的墙壁下部。

关键词: 超大方形空间, 火灾实验, 火灾仿真, 温度梯度, 烟气沉降, 氧气浓度

Abstract: Aiming at the fire safety of the super large square space, by experiment and simulation, the detail was researched with respect to temperature distribution, smoke deposition, oxygen concentration, etc. when a fire occurred in such a space. The research showed that, when fire occurred, the smoke had the phenomena like"stratification", "ceiling jet" and "wall jet". The temperature-distribution in the field had three gradients of high, medium and low, and the maximum and medium temperature would surpass the human tolerance in 300 seconds. The smoke would stay temporarily at a certain height from the ground during the descent. At the same time, after the smoke reaehed the ground, the combustibles will continue to burn in oxygencon centration of about 16%~18% for a long time, and the lowest oxygen concentration wouldn't appear near the fire source, but is most likely to occur at the bottom of the wall which is far away from the fire source.

Key words:

super large square space, fire experiment, fire simulation, temperature gradient, smoke descent; oxygen concentration