主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 870-874.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

人员密集地下空间应急疏散仿真研究

兰臻1，4，董绍棠3，卡比力江·吾买尔1，张道康1，路欣欣2   

  1. 1. 四川大学，四川成都610207；2. 四川省消防救援总队，四川成都610036；3. 四川省应急管理厅，四川成都610094；4. 成都市消防救援支队，四川成都610041
  • 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-15
  • 作者简介:兰臻(1983-)，男，重庆涪陵人，成都市消防救援支队灭火救援中级专业技术干部，博士，主要从事应急指挥与灭火救援工作，四川省成都市高新区府城大道东段19 号，610041。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省公安厅科研项目（2018TJKYLX009）

Simulation of emergency evacuation from underground assembly space

LAN Zhen1,4, DONG Shao-tang3, KABILIJIANG·Wumair1, ZHANG Dao-kang1, LU Xin-xin2   

  1. 1. Sichuan University，Sichuan Chengdu 610207, China;2. Sichuan Fire and Rescue Brigade , Sichuan Chengdu 610036, China; 3. Emergency Management Department of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Chengdu 610094, China; 4. Chengdu Fire and Rescue Devision, Sichuan Chengdu 610041, China<
  • Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-15

摘要： 为了提高地下空间密集人群紧急疏散的科学性安全性，针对轨道交通与地下空间耦合发展的城市形态演化趋势，通过文献梳理与案例分析，开展疏散风险辨识与安全评估理论研究。并利用Anylogic 平台，基于社会力模型和多主体建模方法，构建了某地铁站仿真疏散模型，开展可视化仿真和对照组实验。在站内行人密集程度达到总数1 800 人时开始紧急疏散。实验结果表明，该站现有疏散设施基本满足6 min 内安全疏散的规范要求，但存在行人异质性对疏散瓶颈形成的不利影响，而分区疏散策略有助于缓解瓶颈压力和降低拥堵风险。

关键词: 地铁站, 人员疏散, 仿真分析, 应急管理

Abstract: In order to improve emergency evacuation capacity of densely populated underground space, under the background of coupling development of rail transit and underground space, through literature review and case analysis, investigation on evacuation risk identification and safety assessment is carried out. Using Anylogic platform, based on social force model and multi-agent modeling method, simulation and control group experiment are implemented. The experimental results show that the existing evacuation facilities of the station basically meet the 6- minute required evacuation time, where the evacuation starts when population is exceeding 1,800. It also reveals that pedestrian heterogeneity has a negative impact on the formation of evacuation bottleneck, and the zone evacuation strategy helps to alleviate the bottleneck pressure and reduce the risk of congestion as well.

Key words: subway station, pedestrian evacuation, simulation analysis, emergency management