主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 96-104.DOI: 10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.06.0096.09

• • 上一篇    下一篇

热障效应影响下TOD光谷空间火灾烟气蔓延规律

冯涛1, 马攀文2, 何路2,3, 朱国庆2,3   

  1. （1.温州市消防救援支队，浙江 温州 325000； 2.中国矿业大学 安全工程学院，江苏 徐州 221116； 3.深地科学与工程云龙湖实验室，江苏 徐州 221116）
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-09 修回日期:2026-03-22 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-15
  • 作者简介:冯涛，温州市消防救援支队，中级专业技术职务，主要从事防火监督工作，浙江省温州市乐清市胜利路119号消防救援大队，325000，2872469373@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技计划项目（BE2023688）；国家自然科学基金项目（52204252）；中国博士后科学基金第76批面上资助（2024M763554）；国家消防救援局科技计划项目（2023XFCX16）

Study on fire smoke spread patterns in TOD crystal canyon under thermal barrier effect

Feng Tao1, Ma Panwen2, He Lu2,3, Zhu Guoqing2,3   

  1. (1. Wenzhou Fire and Rescue Division, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China; 2. School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China; 3.Yunlong Lake Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China)
  • Received:2025-10-09 Revised:2026-03-22 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-15

摘要： 在国土规划与交通强国战略背景下，以公共交通为导向（TOD）的开发模式已成为我国轨道交通站点地区规划建设的重要研究方法之一。针对TOD综合体中光谷高大空间因热障效应导致自然排烟失效的问题，以某实体TOD综合体为原型，构建80 m光谷高大空间数值模型，搭建1∶15缩尺寸试验台，通过数值模拟和缩尺试验，研究热障效应下光谷空间火灾烟气的蔓延规律及排烟优化策略。研究结果表明，高大空间内温度分布不均匀，垂直方向存在一定的温度梯度（0.05~0.60 K/m）；热障效应会导致烟气无法蔓延至顶棚，造成顶部自然排烟口失效；将光谷空间的排烟口布置在热障界面处或采用分散多层布置方式，可有效提高排烟效率，其中热障界面处的布置方式排烟效果最佳。

关键词: 热障效应, 光谷空间, 烟气蔓延, 自然排烟, 数值模拟

Abstract: Against the backdrop of national land planning and the strategy of building a country with strong transportation networks, the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) model has become one of the key research approaches for the planning and construction of rail transit station areas in China. To address the issue of natural smoke exhaust failure caused by the thermal barrier effect in the large atriums of TOD complexes, this study takes an actual TOD complex as a prototype, establishes a numerical model of an 80 m high large atrium space, and constructs a 1∶15 scaled-down test bench for model validation. The study investigates the smoke spread patterns and smoke exhaust optimization strategies under the thermal barrier effect in the atrium space through numerical simulation and reduced-scale experiments. The results show that the temperature distribution in the large space is uneven, with a certain vertical temperature gradient (0.05~0.60 K/m). The thermal barrier effect prevents smoke from spreading to the ceiling, rendering the natural smoke exhaust vents at the top ineffective. Placing smoke exhaust outlets at the thermal barrier interface or adopting a dispersed multi-layer arrangement can effectively improve smoke exhaust efficiency, with the best performance achieved when outlets are arranged at the thermal barrier interface.

Key words: thermal barrier effect, crystal canyon, smoke spread, natural exhaust, numerical simulation