主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 561-565.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

ZR-BV单芯铜线过电流熔断痕迹形成过程

王博1,李阳2,司永轩3,吕慧菲4,荣彦超1   

  1. (1.中国人民警察大学,河北 廊坊 065000;2.中国人民警察大学 火灾物证鉴定中心,河北 廊坊 065000;3.开封市消防救援支队,河南 开封 475000;4.西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710054)
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-13 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 李 阳(1986-),男,中国人民警察大学消防工程系讲师。
  • 作者简介:王 博(1994-),男,新疆博乐人,中国人民警察大学研究生三队硕士研究生,主要从事为火灾事故调查研究,河北省廊坊市西昌路220号,065000。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省重点研发计划自筹项目“火灾现场中铝合金导线熔化痕迹鉴别技术研究”(17275611);中国人民警察大学重点实验室培育类课题“基于电气故障间转化机理的痕迹鉴别技术研究”(2019SYCXPD001)

Melted mark formation of the ZR-BV single-core copper wire under overcurrent

WANG Bo1, LI Yang2, SI Yong-xuan3,LV Hui-fei4, RONG Yan-chao1   

  1. (1.China People's Police University, Hebei Langfang 065000,China; 2.Fire Physical Evidence Appraisal Center, China People's Police University, Hebei Langfang 065000,China; 3.Kaifeng Fire and Rescue Detachment, Henan Kaifeng 475000,China; 4. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054,China)
  • Received:2019-11-13 Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-15

摘要: 模拟聚氯乙烯绝缘阻燃(ZR-BV)单芯铜线在不同电流值时的过电流故障,借助高速摄像、视频截帧等技术,研究导线的发热过程及熔断痕迹形成过程。研究表明:导线发生过电流故障时,I≤3.5Ie,过电流导线仅出现线芯发热,绝缘热解破坏;I≥4Ie,过电流导线会发生熔断,引起绝缘层的燃烧。燃烧发生时,I<4.5Ie,导线绝缘层的燃烧仅能从熔断点蔓延至其两侧一定位置处;I≥4.5Ie,导线绝缘层的燃烧会从导线熔断点处向两侧持续蔓延,直至导线端部。导线的绝缘燃烧是结疤熔痕形成的必要条件,枝晶偏析组织是该熔痕的典型组织。在发生较大电流过电流故障时,导线会出现明火燃烧的现象。

关键词: 火灾调查, 电气火灾, 铜导线, 过电流, 发热过程, 结痂熔痕

Abstract: A simulation was conducted to study the heating process and the melted mark formation of the ZR-BV single-core copper wire under overcurrent. The formation process was shot by a high-speed camera and analyzed frame by frame. The result shows that,when overcurrent fault occurs, when I≤3.5Ie, overcurrent conductors only have the phenomenon of core heating and insulation pyrolysis damage; When I≥4Ie, the overcurrent wire will ignite the insulation.There are two kinds of insulation combustion: When I<4.5Ie, the fire of the insulation burning can spread only from the breaking point to a certain point on both sides of the conductor; When I≥4.5Ie, the fire of the insulation burning can spread to the end of the wire from the breaking point on both sides and it is this insulation combustion that causes the formation of globules. Dendritic crystal structure is the typical structure of globules. This study shows that there will be flame when energized conductor carries large current. 

Key words: fire investigation, electrical fire, copper wire, overcurrent, heating process, globules