主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 637-641.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

着火列车制动进站过程烟气扩散特性模拟

于丽1,2，孙源1,2，王明年1,2，代仲宇1,2，刘永刚3，田源1,2   

  1. 1.西南交通大学 土木工程学院，四川 成都610031； 2.西南交通大学 交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室，四川 成都610031； 3.中铁隧道集团一处有限公司，重庆 401123
  • 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-05-15
  • 作者简介:于 丽（1978-），女，西南交通大学土木工程学院副教授，博士，主要从事隧道及地下工程研究，四川省成都市金牛区二环路北一段111号，610031。
  • 基金资助:
    中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(2013T001)；四川省科技计划项目（2018JY0566）

Simulation analysis of smoke diffusion characteristics in the process of fire train braking

YU Li1,2， SUN Yuan1,2， WANG Ming-nian1,2， DAI Zhong-yu1,2， LIU Yong-gang3， TIAN Yuan1,2   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University,Sichuan Chengdu 610031, China; 2. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University,Sichuan Chengdu 610031,China; 3.The First Construction Division Co., Ltd. of China Railway Tunnel Group, Chongqing 401123， China
  • Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-05-15

摘要： 为探究火灾列车制动驶向地下车站进行救援时的烟气扩散特性，采用理论分析和数值模拟的方法研究在不同控制烟气措施下，火灾列车减速至停止过程中烟气在车站轨行区及站台层的扩散规律，以及车站防灾通风系统受到的影响。结果表明：火灾列车制动进站时受移动火源与活塞风两大特性影响，烟气在上下游表现出明显的不均匀、不对称分布规律；屏蔽门虽能有效阻止烟气蔓延至站台层，但同时会增大轨行区活塞风速，增加烟气蔓延速度，不利于安全疏散；受活塞风影响，轨行区排烟效率下降了14%，轨行区各排烟阀火灾中下游排烟效率更高。

关键词: 地下车站, 列车火灾, 数值模拟, 烟气扩散, 排烟阀

Abstract:  In order to explore the smoke diffusion characteristics of fire train when braking to the underground station for rescue, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were used to study the smoke diffusion law in the rail area and platform layer of the station when the fire train slowed down to stop under different smoke control measures, and the influence of the fire prevention and ventilation system of the station under this scenario was defined. The results show that the smoke distribution in the upper and lower reaches of the fire train is affected by the characteristics of moving fire source and piston wind. Although the shielding door can effectively prevent the smoke from spreading to the platform, it will increase the piston wind speed in the rail area and increase the smoke spreading speed, which is not conducive to the safe evacuation of passengers. The smoke discharge effect in rail area was limited by the influence of piston wind, and the total smoke discharge efficiency decreased by 14%,and the smoke exhaust valves in the lower reaches of fire are more efficient.

Key words: underground station, train fire, numerical simulation, smoke diffusion, exhaust valve