主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 659-662.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

基于无人机的三维消防辅助救援系统构建

闫肃1，2，张国维1，2，朱国庆1，2，潘荣亮1，2   

  1. 1.中国矿业大学 江苏省城市地下空间火灾防护高校重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116；2.中国矿业大学 公共安全与消防研究所，江苏 徐州 221116
  • 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 张国维（1987-），男，中国矿业大学安全工程学院副教授。
  • 作者简介:闫 肃（1995-），女，内蒙古乌海人，中国矿业大学公共安全与消防研究所硕士研究生，主要从事风险评估与智慧消防方面的研究，江苏省徐州市泉山区大学路1号，221116。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目（BK20160270）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（51708546）

Building 3D emergency decision making system based on UAV technology for fire rescue assistance

YAN Su1,2, ZHANG Guo-wei1.2, ZHU Guo-qing1.2, PAN Rong-liang1.2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Urban Underground Fire Protection of Jiangsu Province, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China; 2. Institute of Public Safety and Fire Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China
  • Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-05-15

摘要： 为实现高效、科学、精准的灭火救援，提出利用无人机快速构建受灾体周边地理信息和受灾体三维模型的精准建模，并对火灾灾变因子进行实时监控，侦测火灾发展过程中气流、温度场、有毒有害气体等灾害因子的时空分布。利用低延时的5G网络和火灾灾变理论建立云端消防智慧大脑，对无人机采集的实时数据进行云端数学建模和计算处理，预测火灾可能的演变路径和灾变过程，形成根据实时灾害信息动态调整的消防救援决策方案。利用5G通信网络将无人机感知的灾变数据及动态救援决策方案实时传输给消防救援人员，提高灭火救援效率，避免灾害转戾所造成的消防人员伤亡。

关键词: 无人机, 消防救援, 辅助决策, 智慧消防

Abstract: To achieve the highly efficient, scientific, precise firefighting and rescue, this paper proposes to use the drone to quickly construct the geographic information and three-dimensional model of the fire area, and to monitor the fire deterioration factors in real time to detect the spatial and temporal distribution of disaster factors during the fire development such as airflow, temperature field and toxic and harmful gases. Using the low-latency 5G network and fire development theory, the firefighting decision cloud center is established, and the real-time data collected by the drone is mathematical modeled and calculated based on cloud fire data center, to predict the fire possible evolution path and disaster development processes, to form dynamically adjustable fire rescue decision-making plan based on real-time disaster information. Finally, the 5G communication is used again to transmit the disaster information data perceived by the drone and dynamic rescue decision-making plan to firefighters in real time. The method can improve the firefighting and rescue efficiency, and avoid loss caused by disasters turning violent. 

Key words: UAV; firefighting and rescue, assistant decision making, smart firefighting