主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1075-1078.

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基于群组运动观测的某超市人员疏散研究

魏晓鸽1，姚浩伟1，李龙飞1，陈鸿稳1，王新丰1，李芳芳2   

  1. 1. 郑州轻工业大学建筑环境工程学院，河南郑州450002；2. 郑州机械研究所有限公司，河南郑州450001
  • 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2020-08-15
  • 作者简介:魏晓鸽（1987-），女，河南郑州人，郑州轻工业大学建筑环境工程学院讲师，博士，主要从事公共安全研究，河南省郑州市高新区科学大道136 号，450001。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关计划项目“高层住宅建筑家庭集聚疏散行为的实验与模拟研究”（172102310670）

Research on emergency evacuation in large supermarket based on family group movement observation

WEI Xiao-ge1, YAO Hao-wei1, LI Long-fei1,CHEN Hong-wen1, WANG Xin-feng1,LI Fang-fang2   

  1. 1.School of Building Environment Engineering, ZhengzhouUniversity of Light Industry, Henan Zhengzhou 450002, China；2. Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd., Henan Zhengzhou 450001,China
  • Online:2020-08-15 Published:2020-08-15

摘要： 以家庭群组为研究对象，在某商场开展观测研究，提取人员的运动特征，进而发现：人群的速度大多集中在0.8～1.2m/s 范围，平均值约为1.0 m/s，家庭群组更倾向于保持在0.7～1.1 m 范围内，且儿童与相邻成年人之间的距离绝大多数都小于群组成员间的平均距离。根据观测数据，采用Pathfinder 软件对某超市的疏散情况进行模拟。模拟结果表明：采用矫正后人员速度的疏散时间要大于软件默认速度的模拟结果，且群组越大，人群的疏散时间越长；通过对不同出口场景下的疏散过程进行比较，发现超市正常使用的进口在紧急情况下的疏散作用更强。

关键词: 家庭群组, 紧急疏散, Pathfinder, 模拟研究

Abstract: The family group movement is widespread in all kinds ofpublic places, and the emergency evacuation in buildings also includes family groups. The family group is taken as the research ob⁃ject, and the observation research was carried out in a shopping mall to get the movement characteristics. It is found that the speed of the crowd is mostly concentrated in the range of 0.8~1.2 m/s with an average value about 1.0 m/s, and the family group is more inclined to keep in the range of 0.7~1.1 m. The distance between children and adjacent adults is mostly smaller than the average distance between the group members. According to the observed data, Pathfinder software was used to simulate the evacuation in a supermarket. The results showed that the evacuation time of the corrected personnel speed is longer than the simulation result of the software default speed, and the larger the group, the longer theevacuation time of the crowd. By comparing the evacuation processes under scenarios with different exit, it is found that the entrance normally used by supermarkets plays a stronger role in emergency evacuation.

Key words: family group, emergency evacuation, experimental observation, Pathfinder, simulation study