主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 1215-1218.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

高校体育馆人员疏散模拟研究

汪洋1,2，朱国庆1,2，周金炬1,2，柴国强1,2   

  1. 1. 中国矿业大学安全工程学院，江苏徐州221116；2. 中国矿业大学消防工程研究所，江苏徐州221116
  • 出版日期:2020-09-15 发布日期:2020-09-15
  • 作者简介:汪洋(1997-)，男，安徽安庆人，中国矿业大学安全工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事建筑火灾防护与消防工程研究，江苏省徐州市泉山区中国矿业大学南湖校区矿业科学中心A506，221116。

Simulation research on evacuation of university gymnasium

WANG Yang1,2, ZHU Guo-qing1,2, ZHOU Jin-ju1,2, CHAI Guo-qiang1,2   

  1. 1. School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China; 2. Fire Research institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China
  • Online:2020-09-15 Published:2020-09-15

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摘要： 为研究体育馆人员疏散规律，以某高校体育馆为研究对象，采用Pathfinder 和STEPS 两款疏散模拟软件进行模拟研究。基于合理的假设条件和参数设置，模拟体育馆内观众满座的情景，并研究观众人数对疏散时间的影响。两款软件模拟结果相似，结果表明：疏散过程中人员在看台区和疏散楼梯及出口处容易出现拥堵现象；安全出口的利用率差异较大；超过一定数量，疏散时间与观众人数呈现明显的线性关系。最后通过对比模拟结果与经验公式计算结果得出：若需考虑细节问题的处理并对疏散过程作进一步的研究，则应优先选择计算机模拟法，否则采用经验公式法比较方便快捷。

关键词: 体育馆, 疏散模拟, Pathfinder, STEPS

Abstract: In order to study the evacuation rules of gymnasiums, a university gymnasium was taken as the research object. Two evacuation simulation softwares, Pathfinder and STEPS, were used for simulation. Based on the reasonable hypothesis and parameter setting, the evacuation of full audience situation in the gymnasium was simulated, and the influence of the number of spectators on the evacuation time was studied. The simulation results of the two softwares are similar. The results showed that: people tend to be congested in the stand area, evacuation stairs and exits during the evacuation; the utilization ratio of the exit is quite different; the evacuation time and the number of visitors show a significant linear relationship when the number exceeds a certain amount. Finally, by comparing the simulation results with the calculation results of empirical formula, it is concluded that if the details need to be considered and the evacuation process needs to be further studied, the computer simulation method
should be preferred, otherwise the empirical formula method is more convenient and efficient.

Key words: gymnasium, evacuation simulation, Pathfinder, STEPS