主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 47-50.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

防火分隔及排烟措施对综合管廊电缆火灾烟气蔓延的影响

贾伯岩1，张鹏1，张媛媛2，徐亚兵3，魏力强1   

  1. 1. 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，河北石家庄050021；2. 中国矿业大学，江苏徐州221116；3. 国网河北省电力有限公司，河北石家庄050021

  • 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 张媛媛（1987-），女，中国矿业大学，一级注册消防工程师、注册安全工程师，主要从事建筑防火、城市应急救援技术研究。
  • 作者简介:贾伯岩（1978-），男，河北保定人，国网河北电力有限公司电力科学研究院电力设备技术中心主任，教授级高工，主要从事输电防灾技术研究，河北省石家庄市体育南大街238 号，050021。
  • 基金资助:
    国家电网公司总部科技项目“新型变电站电缆和沟道火灾预警及防火灭火技术研究”（5200-201932093A-0-0-00）

Influence of fire separation and smoke extraction measures on the spread of smoke utility tunnel cable fire

JIA Bo-yan1, ZHANG Peng1, ZHANG Yuan-yuan2, XU Ya-bing3, WEI Li-qiang1   

  1. 1. State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co. Ltd., Hebei Shijiazhuang 050021, China; 2. China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China; 3. State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co. Ltd., Hebei Shijiazhuang 050021, China
  • Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-15

摘要：

以某综合管廊为研究背景，利用PyroSim 模拟软件建立的仿真计算模型，研究了设立挡烟垂壁、改变防火门开启程度、增设排烟设施等情况下的烟气蔓延规律。研究发现：在烟气未充满管廊时，挡烟垂壁会使烟气蔓延速度降低，烟气蔓延速度与挡烟垂壁高度成反比；防火门打开会使火灾烟气蔓延至相邻防火分区，烟气蔓延速率与防火门开启程度成正相关；机械排烟设施会使烟气蔓延速度显著降低，最高降低约50%，当烟气完全充满整个管廊时，会显著降低综合管廊内烟气浓度，烟气层温度最高降幅32 ℃，能见度最高增加了66%。通过对综合管廊内烟气蔓延的研究，探寻防治综合管廊烟气蔓延的最佳措施，为综合管廊烟气防治的实际工程应用提供参考。

关键词: 综合管廊, 电缆火灾, 烟气蔓延

Abstract: Taking utility tunnel as the research background, a simulation calculation model for fire smoke prevention and control in the utility tunnel was built by PyroSim numerical simulation software and the rules of smoke spread under conditions such as building ceiling screen, changing fire compartmentation tightness, and adding smoke exhaust facilities were explored. According to study results, before the tunnel was filled with smoke, ceiling screens lowered smoke spread rate, and smoke spread rate was inversely proportional to ceiling screen height. When the fire door was opened, fire smoke spread to the adjacent fire compartment, and smoke spread rate was directly proportional to the fire door opening angle. Mechanical smoke exhaust facilities significantly lowered the smoke spread rate by as much as 50%. When the entire tunnel was full of smoke, mechanical smoke exhaust facilities reduced the smoke concentration in the utility tunnel significantly. Smoke layer temperature dropped by as much as 32 ℃ , while visibility improved by as much as 66%. By studying smoke spread in utility tunnel, this paper aims to determine the optimal measures of preventing and controlling smoke spread in utility tunnel. This paper could also provide reference for practical engineering applications in smoke prevention and control in utility tunnel.

Key words: utility tunnel, cable fire, smoke spread