主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1432-1437.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

水幕抑制油气泄漏扩散及爆炸传播规律研究

任少云，夏登友   

  1. 中国人民警察大学，河北 廊坊 065000
  • 出版日期:2021-10-15 发布日期:2021-10-15
  • 作者简介:任少云（1978-），女，河南南阳人，中国人民警察大学副教授，博士，主要从事灾害演化动力学、消防安全研究，河北省廊坊市安次区，065000。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目（18BGL232）；警察大学国家自然科学基金培育课题（ZKJJPY201621）

Law of water curtain to restrain oil and gas leakage and explosion propagation

REN Shao-yun, XIA Deng-you   

  1. China People's Police University, Hebei Langfang 065000, China
  • Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-10-15

摘要： 采用数值模拟方法，以油罐泄漏的油气为研究对象，分析水幕抑制油气泄漏扩散及爆炸事故的演变规律。容积为5 000 m3油罐泄漏的油气以0.25 m/s的速率释放600 s时，距泄漏源4 m处体积分数达到1.6%，超过油气爆炸下限。水幕喷射80 s时水幕后方区域油气体积分数低于爆炸下限的1/2，喷射250 s时仅泄漏源周边油气达到爆炸下限；无水幕时，监测点爆炸超压峰值为10.2 kPa，温度峰值为2 360 K；添加1道水幕后，爆炸超压峰值下降到2.8 kPa，温度峰值下降到1 813 K；水幕数目分别为1、2、3、4时，爆炸超压峰值分别为2.80、1.42、1.30、1.10 kPa，温度峰值分别为1 813、1 210、993、382 K。水幕数量为4道时，抑制高温峰值效果明显。

关键词: 油气泄漏, 泄漏扩散, 油气爆炸, 水幕抑制

Abstract: Numerical simulation method is used to study the suppression law of oil-gas leakage diffusion and explosion with water curtain in open space. When the oil-gas leaks from 5 000 m3 oil tank at the rate of 0.25 m/s for 600 s, the concentration at 4 m away from the leakage source is kept at 1.6%, exceeding the lower explosion limit. When the water curtain is sprayed for 80 s, the concentration of oil and gas in the area behind the water curtain is lower than 1/2 of the lower explosion limit. When the water curtain is sprayed for 250 s, only the oil and gas around the leakage source reaches the lower explosion limit. When there is no water curtain, the peak value of overpressure is 10.2 kPa and the peak value of temperature is 2 360 K. After adding water curtain, the peak value of overpressure decreased to 2.8 kPa, and the peak value of temperature decreased to 1 813 K. When the number of water curtain is 1, 2, 3 and 4, the peak values of overpressure are 2.8, 1.42, 1.3 and 1.1 kPa respectively, and the peak values of temperature are 1 813, 1 210, 993 and 382 K respectively. When the number of water curtain is 4, the effect of restraining high temperature peak is obvious. This paper can provide a theoretical reference for the prevention and disposal of oil-gas leakage and explosion accidents in the field of petrochemical production.

Key words: oil-gas leakage, leakage and diffusion, oil-gas explosion, water curtain suppression