主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 287-292.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

某LPG槽罐车爆炸事故后果模拟分析

戴俊岩1，饶国宁1，张方敏2   

  1. 1. 南京理工大学化工学院，江苏南京210094；2 上海航天精密机械有限公司，上海200000
  • 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 饶国宁(1978-)，男，博士，副教授，主要从事定量风险评估，爆炸理论及防治方面的研究。
  • 作者简介:戴俊岩(1996-)，女，南京理工大学化工学院硕士研究生，主要从事安全管理与安全评价研究，江苏省南京市玄武区孝陵卫街200 号，210094。

Simulation analysis of consequences of LPG tanker truck explosion accident

DAI Jun-yan1, RAO Guo-ning1, ZHANG Fang-min2   

  1. 1. School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Nanjing 210094, China; 2. Shanghai Aerospace Precision Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China
  • Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-15

摘要： 为了液化石油气（LPG）的储运安全，以某LPG 槽罐 车重大爆炸事故为实例，探讨了此次爆炸事故的原因及性质，并利 用ALOHA 软件，重点对此次事故泄漏后引发的沸腾液体扩展为 蒸气爆炸（BLEVE）、蒸气云爆炸（UVCE）两种事故后果进行模 拟，定量给出事故危害范围与危害等级，同时通过Google Earth 软件将模拟结果可视化，并针对不同的危险区域等级，提出相应的 建议措施，以期为此类事故的应急救援与预防提供一定的理论参 考和技术支持，然后将模拟结果与事故后现场情况作对比，发现模 拟结果与事实相符，最后通过探究各事故后果影响因素可知，事发 时风速、相对湿度等环境因素均对事态发展不利，是造成事故后果 严重的主要因素。

关键词: 液化石油气, 储罐泄漏, 槽罐车爆炸事故, 事故模拟, ALOHA, Google Earth

Abstract: For the safety of LPG in storage and transportation, taking a major explosion accident of LPG tank truck as an example, this paper discusses the causes and properties of the explosion accident, and uses ALOHA software to simulate the consequences of boiling liquid expansion to vapor explosion (BLEVE) and vapor cloud explosion (UVCE) caused by the leakage of the accident, and quantitatively gives the scope and risk factors of the accident. At the same time, through Google Earth software visualizes the simulation results, and puts forward corresponding suggestions and measures for different levels of dangerous areas, in order to provide certain theoretical reference and technical support for the emergency rescue and prevention of such accidents. Then, the simulation results are compared with the scene after the accident, and it is found that the simulation results are consistent with the facts. Finally, by exploring the influencing factors of the accident consequences, it is known that the on-site wind speed, relative humidity and other environmental factors are unfavorable to the development of the accident, which are the main factors causing serious consequences of the accident.

Key words: LPG, tank leakage; tank truck explosion accident, accident simulation, ALOHA, Google Earth