主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 38-41.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

全尺寸电动汽车火灾特性试验研究

朱难难,王学辉,余佳灵,汪 箭
  

  1. (中国科学技术大学 火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230026)
  • 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-01-15
  • 作者简介:朱难难(1999- ),男,安徽淮南人,中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室硕士研究生,主要从事新能源汽车安全、锂离子电池热失控传播等研究,安徽省合肥市蜀山区黄山路443号,230026。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021B1515130008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(WK2320000052)

Full-scale experimental study on fire characteristics and fire-fighting performance of an electric vehicle

Zhu Nannan, Wang Xuehui, Yu Jialing, Wang Jian
  

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Hefei 230026, China)
  • Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-01-15

摘要:

为深入认识电动汽车火灾特点,采用加热的方式触发电动车锂离子电池热失控,开展全尺寸电动汽车燃烧试验,研究动力电池热失控引发电动车火灾的燃烧特征、车外热流及温度特性。结果表明:电动车燃烧初期,底盘电池包产生的喷射火最远可达 2.6 m;试验中发现车外热流曲线与温度曲线变化规律一致,几乎在同一种时间段内出现峰值,其中车外热流最大值为 4.878kW/m2 ;灭火毯有助于前期电动车火灾的抑制;与细水雾相比,压缩空气泡沫灭火效果更佳。

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Abstract:

In order to understand electric vehicles fires deeply, the full-scale combustion experiment of the electric vehicle was conducted by the thermal runaway of the power batteries. The combustion and spread characteristics, temperature outside the vehicle and radiant heat caused by the thermal runaway of power batteries were studied. The results showed that at the initial stage of combustion, the jet fire generated by the battery pack can reach about 2.6 m. In the experiment, the temperature curve outside the vehicles was consistent with the change law of the radiant heat curve and two peaks occurred, and the maximum heat flux outside the vehicle was 4.878 kW/m2 . The electric vehicle fire is suppressed at the initial stage by a fire blanket. The compressed air foam is more effective in extinguishing fires than the fine water spray.

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