介绍了常用救援破拆装备实际应用中存在的问题, 分析了激光切割原理及适用范围, 论述了激光破拆装备的关键技术, 研发了激光破拆装备样机, 开展了激光破拆装备的性能测试。试验结果表明：激光破拆装备激光输出功率可达 1.5 kW, 输出激光中心波长为 1 080 nm, 光束质量因子 M2 =1.17, 装备最佳操作距离为 50～80 cm, 可实现对不同材质、不同厚度破拆对象的高效切割, 冷却系统可有效控制激光器主机温度, 电池供电系统可保证装备连续稳定工作 1 h, 控制管理系统可实时监控装备运行状态, 保证装备管理可控性和操作安全性。

This paper introduces the problems existing in the practical application of common rescue and demolition equipment, analyzes the principle and scope of application of laser cutting, discusses the key technology of laser demolition equipment, develops the prototype of laser demolition equipment, and carries out the performance test experiment of laser demolition equipment. The experimental results show that the laser output power of the laser demolition equipment can reach 1.5 kW, the central wavelength of the output laser is 1 080 nm, the beam quality factor M 2 =1.17; The best operating distance of the equipment is 50 ~ 80 cm, which can realize the efficient cutting of broken objects with different materials and thicknesses; The cooling system can effectively control the temperature of the laser host; The battery power supply system can ensure the continuous and stable operation of the equipment for 1 h; The control management system can monitor equipment operation status in real time to ensure equipment management controllability and operation safety.

laser cutting, fire rescue, spectral wavelength, beam quality