主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 1646-1650.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

惰性粉体抑制玉米淀粉的燃爆特性研究

史兆伟1, 赵利民1, 赵阳1, 李珍宝2   

  1. （1. 兰州资源环境职业技术大学 应急管理学院，甘肃 兰州 730021；2. 兰州理工大学 石油化工学院，甘肃 兰州 730050）
  • 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-12-15
  • 作者简介:史兆伟（1985- ），男，陕西岐山人，兰州资源环境职业技术大学应急管理学院院长，副教授，主要从事应急和安全管理的研究，甘肃省兰州市城关区窦家山36号，730021。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目（2022A—201）

Study on the inhibition effect of inert powder on the corn starch combustion and explosion

Shi Zhaowei1, Zhao Limin1, Zhao Yang1, Li Zhenbao2   

  1. (1. School of of Emergency Management, Lanzhou Resources and Environment Voc-Tech University, Gansu Lanzhou 730021, China; 2. School of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Gansu Lanzhou 730050, China)
  • Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

摘要： 利用热重分析仪和20 L爆炸球试验系统，测试了不同种类及浓度的惰性粉体对玉米淀粉（CS）的燃爆抑制作用，并确定了最优配比。采用傅里叶红外变换光谱分析了样品爆炸残留物，定量表征了抑爆前后活性官能团变化规律，分析了惰性粉体的抑爆机理。结果表明：NaHCO3、Al（OH）3以及三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐能够降低玉米淀粉氧化速率、提高其发生氧化反应的困难程度，降低爆炸危险性；确定质量分数为20%的三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐粉体为最佳抑制粉体。在该过程中，能产生PO·、HPO·等，与淀粉氧化过程产生的H·、OH·发生自由基反应，阻断燃烧链式反应，延缓玉米粉的氧化进程，抑制其产生挥发分。

关键词: 玉米淀粉, 燃爆特性, 抑爆剂, 爆炸压力, 抑制机理

Abstract: The inhibitory effects of different kinds and concentrations of inert powders on corn starch explosion were investigated by the thermo—gravimetric analyzer and 20 L explosion ball experiment system. And the optimal ratio is determined. The explosive residue of the sample was analyzed by Fourier transform spectroscopy. The change of active functional groups before and after detonation suppression was quantitatively characterized. The mechanism of detonation suppression of inert powder was analyzed. The results showed that NaHCO3, Al（OH）3 and melamine polyphosphate can reduce the oxidation rate of corn starch, increase the difficulty of its oxidation reaction, and reduce the risk of explosion. Melamine polyphosphate of 20% mass fraction was determined as the optimal inhibition powder. It can generate PO·, HPO· etc. and react with H· and OH·, breaking the combustion chain reaction, delaying the oxidation process of starch, and inhibiting the production of volatile matter.

Key words: corn starch, detonation characteristics, explosion suppressor, explosion pressure, inhibition mechanism