主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 212-216.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

隧道长度对烟气分布影响数值模拟

孙振宇1，赵维刚1，张 耀1,2，郭庆华3   

  1. （1.石家庄铁道大学 安全工程与应急管理学院火灾安全实验室，河北 石家庄050043；2.河北省大型结构健康诊断与控制实验室，河北 石家庄050043； 3.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381）
  • 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-02-17
  • 作者简介:作者简介：孙振宇（1997— ），男，石家庄铁道大学安全工程与应急管理学院硕士研究生，主要研究方向为应急管理与安全技术、隧道及地下空间安全，河北省石家庄市北二环东路17号，050043。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（52208408）；石家庄铁道大学研究生创新资助项目(YC2022064)；朔黄铁路系统安全风险及应急管理体系研究项目(2021-568)；河北省大型结构健康诊断与控制实验室开放课题（KLLSHMC2101）

Numerical study on the effect of tunnel length on smoke spread

Sun Zhenyu1, Zhao Weigang1, Zhang Yao1,2,Guo Qinghua3   

  1. (1. Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, School of Safety Engineering and Emergency Management, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050043, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Large Structure Health Monitoring and Control, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050043, China; 3. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-02-17

摘要： 采用数值模拟方法，研究隧道长度对火灾烟气质量流量及烟气层厚度的影响。隧道长度分别设定为100，200，300，400，500 m。结果发现：设定条件下，烟气蔓延距离大于200 m时，烟气沉降明显，烟气质量流量和厚度呈现先增大后变小的趋势；烟气层下方存在诱导气流，二者之间的剪切作用共同影响烟气质量流量和厚度的变化；200 m范围内，诱导气流的速度随着与火源距离的增加而增大，主要是由于烟气层温度较高，浮力效应较强，从而卷吸下层冷空气，导致烟气质量流量和厚度增大，下方诱导气流空间减小，导致速度增加；200 m范围外，烟气层温度大幅降低，浮力效应减弱，诱导气流惯性力在二者剪切作用下占据主要作用，从而卷吸上层烟气，导致烟气质量流量和厚度减小。

Abstract: Using numerical simulation method, the influence of tunnel length on fire smoke mass flow and smoke layer thickness is studied. The tunnel length is set as 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 m respectively. The results show that: under the set conditions, when the smoke spread distance is greater than 200 m, the smoke sedimentation is obvious, and the smoke mass flow and thickness show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing; There is induced airflow under the smoke layer, and the shear effect between them jointly affects the changes of flue gas mass flow and thickness; Within 200 m, the velocity of induced airflow increases with the increase of distance from the fire source, mainly because the smoke layer has a high temperature and strong buoyancy effect, which will suck the cold air in the lower layer, leading to the increase of flue gas mass flow and thickness, and the decrease of induced airflow space below, leading to the increase of velocity; beyond 200 m, the temperature of the smoke layer is greatly reduced, and the buoyancy effect is weakened. The induced air inertia force plays a major role under the shear of the two, thus entraining the upper smoke, leading to the reduction of the smoke mass flow and thickness.

Key words: tunnel length, fire smoke, smoke thickness, mass flow, temperature