基于案例分析的翻滚流水域救援方法研究

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 401-406.

基于案例分析的翻滚流水域救援方法研究

黄东方1,2，石文俊2，徐常亮2，邵薇3

（1.中国消防救援学院，北京 102202；2.中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室，安徽合肥 230026；3.应急管理部消防救援局昆明训练总队，云南昆明 650200）

出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-03-15
作者简介:黄东方（1993- ），男，安徽临泉人，中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室博士，主要从事消防救援研究，安徽省合肥市包河区芜湖路街道金寨路96号中国科技大学东区（小木屋1/2号柜），230026。

Research on rescue method of rolling water area based on case analysis

Huang Dongfang1,2, Shi Wenjun2,Xu Changliang2, Shao Wei3

(1. China Fire and Rescue Institute, Beijing 102200, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Hefei 230026, China; 3. Kunming Training Corps of Fire Rescue Bureau of MEM, Yunnan Kunming 650200, China)

Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-03-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 翻滚流是水域救援中常见的危险性极高的水流形态之一，已造成大量人员伤亡和救援人员牺牲。为全面剖析翻滚流水域的危险性，本文在大量调研和案例分析的基础上，发现低水坝下的翻滚流本质是一种“淹没水跃”，具有难发现易低估、有创伤风险、水温低缩短人员存活时间、气泡量大造成浮力降低、自救和救援难度大等特点。结合实践经验和理论分析，提出翻滚流水域保持冷静调整呼吸、从岸边脱困、从底部或水面顺流游出脱困等自救方法，探讨岸上救援、舟艇救援、阻水救援等救援方法，并给出注意事项和示意图，研究成果对救援人员认识低水坝和翻滚流、掌握翻滚流安全自救和救援方法具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 翻滚流, 低水坝, 救援方法, 案例分析

Abstract: Abstract: Tumbling flow is one of the most dangerous flow patterns in water rescue, which has caused a large number of casualties and rescuers' sacrifice. In order to comprehensively analyze the danger of tumbling water area, on the basis of a large number of investigations and case studies, this paper found that the tumbling flow under low dams is essentially a "submerged hydraulic jump", which is difficult to find and easy to underestimate, has traumatic risks, low water temperature shortens the survival time of personnel, large bubble volume reduces buoyancy, and is difficult to rescue and rescue. In combination with practical experience and theoretical analysis, five self rescue methods are proposed, including keeping calm and adjusting breathing in the tumbling water area, escaping from the shore, and swimming downstream from the bottom or water surface. Five rescue methods, including shore rescue, boat rescue, and water blocking rescue, are proposed, and precautions and schematic diagrams are given. The research results have reference significance for rescuers to understand low dams and tumbling flow, and master the safety self rescue and rescue methods of tumbling flow.

Key words: Key words: rolling water, low dam, rescue methods, case analysis

黄东方, 石文俊, 徐常亮, 邵薇. 基于案例分析的翻滚流水域救援方法研究[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2023, 42(3): 401-406.

Huang Dongfang, Shi Wenjun, Xu Changliang, Shao Wei. Research on rescue method of rolling water area based on case analysis[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2023, 42(3): 401-406.