主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1252-1258.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

A*-IACO:一种新的火灾疏散路径规划算法

巢玮1, 徐勇1,2, 许乐2,3   

  1. (1. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) 计算机科学与技术学院,广东 深圳 518055;2. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)深圳市视觉目标检测与判识重点实验室,广东 深圳 518055;3. 贵州大学 计算机科学与技术学院,贵州 贵阳 550025)
  • 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2023-09-15
  • 作者简介:巢 玮(1991— ),男,湖南永州人,哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)计算机科学与技术学院博士后,中级工程师,主要从事图像算法、EDA算法以及可测试性设计方面的研究,广东省深圳市南山区沙河街道1801号,518055。
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市科创委资助项目(KCXFZ20211020163402004)

A-IACO: A new algorithm for fire evacuation path planning

Chao Wei1, Xu Yong1,2, Xu Le2,3   

  1. (1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Guangdong Shenzhen 518055, China;2. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Guangdong Shenzhen 518055, China; 3. School of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Guiyang 550025, China)
  • Online:2023-09-15 Published:2023-09-15

摘要: 在复杂的建筑物中,传统火灾疏散系统无法实时改变逃生方向,有时误导人们到危险区域。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种结合A*算法和改进蚁群算法的A*-IACO算法。A*-IACO算法引入了新的启发式函数来削弱启发式值对路径规划的影响,并利用改进的信息素增量和信息素范围克服算法的局部最优问题,同时使用信息素分段规则避免算法在搜索过程中出现停滞现象,提高算法在火灾情况下的路径规划能力。此外,该算法采用混合控制策略进一步提高求解精度。结果表明,A*-IACO算法在不同的火灾环境下均获得了最短且拐点最少的最优路径和最高的收敛精度。在火灾环境4中,A*-IACO算法不论在路径选择还是迭代次数上均优于ACO和IACO,展示了优秀的路径规划能力。

关键词: 火灾, 人员疏散, 路径规划, A*-IACO算法

Abstract: In a complex building, the traditional fire evacuation system cannot plan an optimal evacuation direction in real time, and sometimes misleads people to dangerous areas. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an A*-IACO algorithm that combined A* algorithm with an improved ant colony optimization (IACO). The A*-IACO introduces a new heuristic function to weaken the influence of heuristic values on path planning. It uses the improved pheromone increment and pheromone range to overcome the local optimal problem and at the meanwhile utilizes segmentation rule to avoid the searching suspension phenomenon. Thereby it can enhance the path planning ability in fire environments. In addition, it adopts a hybrid optimal control strategy to further improve the results. The experiment results show that the proposed A*-IACO obtains the shortest evacuation path with fewest inflection point and performs high accuracy in various fire environments. According to fire environment 4, A*-IACO achieves not only best evacuation path selection but also lowest iteration times comparing to ACO and IACO. As a result, it illustrates good performance on path planning ability.

Key words: fire, people evacuation, path planning, A*-IACO algorithm