主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1830-1836.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

细水雾-压缩空气泡沫联用扑灭室内变压器火灾试验研究

吕达1, 张玉佳2, 王雅妮2, 谢欢2, 张长洋3, 赵金龙3   

  1. （1.国网北京市电力公司，北京100031； 2.国网北京市电力公司电力科学研究院，北京100075； 3.中国矿业大学（北京），北京100083）
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21 修回日期:2025-06-25 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-25
  • 作者简介:吕 达，国网北京市电力公司副高级工程师，硕士，主要从事消防监督管理、施工安全管理、电网调度管理等方面的研究，北京市丰台区南三环中路30号，100031，2066419007@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国网北京市电力公司科技项目（520223240006）

Experimental study on the combination of water mist and compressed air foam to extinguish indoor transformer fire

Lyu Da1, Zhang Yujia2, Wang Yani2, Xie Huan2, Zhang Changyang3, Zhao Jinlong3   

  1. (1. State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing 100031, China; 2. State Grid Beijing Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100075, China; 3. China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China)
  • Received:2025-03-21 Revised:2025-06-25 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-25

摘要： 室内变电站多采用高压细水雾系统作为主要的消防灭火系统，也有部分工程采用压缩空气泡沫系统（CAFS）作为补充灭火措施，但对两种灭火系统联用的灭火效能尚不明确。为研究细水雾-压缩空气泡沫系统联用扑灭变压器火灾的有效性，本文搭建了110 kV实尺寸室内变压器灭火试验平台，开展单一细水雾与细水雾-CAFS联用扑灭变压器顶部火和立体火的试验，分析了灭火过程和特征温度等数据的时变规律。试验结果表明：细水雾-CAFS联用可快速有效扑灭室内变压器火灾，对于变压器顶部火和立体火，灭火时间分别为10 s和8 s。相较于单一细水雾灭火系统，细水雾-CAFS联用对变压器壁面的冷却效率提高了约50%。在细水雾-CAFS联用系统持续作用10 min后，重点保护区域仍被泡沫完全覆盖，说明细水雾不会导致压缩空气泡沫快速破裂，细水雾-CAFS联用具备可行性。研究结果可用于优化室内或地下变电站消防系统设计，以保障变电站的正常运行。

关键词: 细水雾-压缩空气泡沫联用系统, 室内变压器火灾, 灭火有效性, 冷却效率

Abstract: Indoor substations often adopt high-pressure fine water mist systems as their primary fire extinguishing systems, while some projects also use Compressed Air Foam Systems (CAFS) as supplementary fire extinguishing measures. However, the effectiveness of combined use of these two fire extinguishing systems is unclear. To investigate the efficacy of extinguishing transformer fires using a combined fine water mist-Compressed Air Foam System, this paper establishes an 110 kV full-scale indoor transformer fire extinguishing test platform. Experiments were conducted to extinguish top-mounted and three-dimensional fires on transformers using single fine water mist and combined fine water mist-CAFS. Temporal variations in data such as the fire extinguishing process and characteristic temperatures were analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the combined use of fine water mist and CAFS can quickly and effectively extinguish indoor transformer fires, with extinguishing times of 10 s and 8 s for top-mounted and three-dimensional fires, respectively. Compared to the single fine water mist extinguishing system, the combined use of fine water mist and CAFS improves the cooling efficiency of the transformer wall by approximately 50%. After the combined fine water mist-CAFS system was continuously activated for 10 minutes, the key protection area remained fully covered by foam, indicating that fine water mist does not cause compressed air foam to rupture rapidly, and the combined use of fine water mist and CAFS is feasible. The research findings can be used to optimize the design of fire protection systems in indoor or underground substations, ensuring their normal operation.

Key words: water mist-compressed air foam combined system, indoor transformer fire, effectiveness of fire extinguishment, cooling efficiency