主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 448-456.

• • 上一篇    

钠盐抑制小麦淀粉粉尘爆燃特性试验研究

李明1, 朱顺兵1,2, 张建龙1, 段毅1   

  1. （1.南京工业大学 安全科学与工程学院，江苏 南京 211816； 2.江苏省危险化学品本质安全与控制技术重点实验室，江苏 南京 211816）
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-17 修回日期:2024-07-19 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-15
  • 作者简介:李 明，南京工业大学安全科学与工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事工业火灾与爆炸研究，江苏省南京市江北新区浦珠南路30号，211816。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省大型科学仪器开放共享自主研究课题

Experimental study on explosion characteristics and explosion suppression of wheat starch dust by sodium salt

Li Ming1, Zhu Shunbing1,2, Zhang Jianlong1, Duan Yi1   

  1. (1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing Jiangsu 211816, China; 2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Intrinsic Safety and Control Technology of Hazardous Chemicals, Nanjing Jiangsu 211816, China)
  • Received:2024-06-17 Revised:2024-07-19 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-15

摘要： 采用20 L球形爆炸系统和2 L哈特曼管装置，研究了钠盐粉体NaHCO3、Na2HPO4和NaH2PO4对小麦淀粉粉尘爆炸严重性和火焰传播特性的抑制效果。通过热重分析仪和傅里叶红外光谱仪，研究钠盐粉体和小麦淀粉的热解行为以及其对小麦淀粉爆炸产物的影响，揭示不同钠盐粉体对小麦淀粉粉尘爆炸的抑制机理。结果表明，随着钠盐粉体质量分数的增加，钠盐粉体对小麦淀粉粉尘的爆炸压力、爆炸压力上升速率和火焰传播速度影响显著。在相同的质量分数下，NaHCO3粉体对小麦淀粉粉尘燃爆的抑制效果优于Na2HPO4粉体和NaH2PO4粉体。研究结果为小麦淀粉加工行业爆炸火灾事故的预防和控制提供了理论依据。

关键词: 小麦淀粉, 粉尘爆炸, 火焰传播, 钠盐粉体, 惰化抑制

Abstract: The inhibition effect of sodium salt powder NaHCO3, Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4 on the explosion severity and flame propagation characteristics of wheat starch dust was studied by using a 20 L spherical explosion system and a 2 L Hartmann tube device. The pyrolysis behavior of sodium salt and wheat starch and its effect on wheat starch explosion products were studied by thermogravimetric analyzer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the inhibition mechanism of different sodium salts on wheat starch dust explosion was revealed. The findings indicated that increasing sodium salt content significantly impacted the explosion pressure, rate of pressure rise, and flame propagation velocity of wheat starch dust. These effects were particularly pronounced at various stages of the explosion process. Under the same mass fraction, NaHCO3 had a better inhibition effect on wheat starch dust explosion than Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of explosion and fire accidents in wheat starch processing industry.

Key words: wheat starch, dust explosion, flame propagation, sodium salt powder, inerting suppression