主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 497-503.

• • 上一篇    

新建海上钻采平台火灾定量分析与研究

冯其瑞1, 宋志强1, 肖军诗1, 王怀锋1, 王彦鹏1, 禹增一1, 武佳豪1, 冯瑶2,3   

  1. （1.中海油安全技术服务有限公司，天津 300457； 2.中国船级社质量认证有限公司天津分公司，天津 300457； 3.石家庄铁道大学 交通运输学院，河北 石家庄 050043）
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-28 修回日期:2024-07-09 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-15
  • 作者简介:冯其瑞，中海油安全技术服务有限公司资深工程师，硕士，主要从事海上油气设施消防安全、反恐防范和安防工程方面的工作，天津市滨海新区经济技术开发区络达路16号，300457。

Quantitative analysis and research on fires in newly-built offshore drilling and production platforms

Feng Qirui1, Song Zhiqiang1, Xiao Junshi1, Wang Huaifeng1, Wang Yanpeng1, Yu Zengyi1, Wu Jiahao1, Feng Yao2,3   

  1. (1. CNOOC Safety & Technical Services Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China; 2. China Classification Society Quality Certification Co., Ltd. Tianjin, Tianjin 300457, China; 3. School of Traffic and Transportation, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050043, China)
  • Received:2024-05-28 Revised:2024-07-09 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-15

摘要： 随着海洋油气资源开发的推进，新建海上钻采平台的安全管理成为关键。在深入研究国际油气生产者协会的计算模型并充分考虑海上油气设施的独特性后，本研究采用自主开发的两款专用计算工具包：泄漏频率快速计算工具包和瞬态泄漏快速计算工具包，对该新建平台的火灾风险进行了深入的定量分析。研究发现，中层甲板由于油气分离和中压、低压压缩系统设备的复杂性，其泄漏频率最高，这主要与中层甲板布置的油气分离系统及中压和低压压缩系统设备有关。在此基础上利用数值模拟方法，对喷射火与池火的事故后果进行了定量分析，并根据模拟结果，提出了具有创新性的被动防火保护（PFP）建议。这些建议包括PFP区域的精确划分、PFP材料选择与标准的提升、定期维护与检查制度的建立、应急响应能力的全面提升以及持续改进与风险评估的创新机制。这些研究为该新平台的设计完善及建造施工提供了重要参考，有助于从源头上降低火灾风险，提升平台的本质安全性能，同时也为类似平台的设计和建设提供了有价值的参考。

关键词: 新建海上平台, 火灾爆炸, 定量分析, 风险控制, 本质安全

Abstract: With the advancement of offshore oil and gas resource development, the safety management of newly built offshore drilling and production platforms has become crucial. After in-depth study of the International Association of Oil & Gas Producers calculation models and thorough consideration of the uniqueness of offshore oil and gas facilities, this research independently developed two advanced calculation toolkits: the Leakage Frequency Calculation Toolkit and the Transient Leakage Calculation Toolkit. These tools were used to conduct a detailed quantitative analysis of the fire risk on the newly designed offshore drilling and production platform. The study found that due to the complexity of oil and gas separation and medium-pressure and low-pressure compression system equipment, the leak frequency on the middle deck was the highest, primarily attributed to the layout of the oil and gas separation system and the medium-pressure and low-pressure compression system equipment on the middle deck. Building upon this analysis, numerical simulation methods were employed to quantitatively analyze the consequences of jet fires and pool fires, leading to innovative passive fire protection (PFP) recommendations based on the simulation results. These recommendations include precise delineation of PFP areas, enhancement of PFP material selection and standards, establishment of regular maintenance and inspection systems, comprehensive improvement of emergency response capabilities, and the introduction of innovative mechanisms for continuous improvement and risk assessment. These research findings provide important references for the design, construction, and improvement of the new platform, aiding in the reduction of fire risks from the source and enhancing the platform's intrinsic safety performance. Furthermore, they offer valuable insights for the design and construction of similar platforms.

Key words: newly-built offshore platform, fire and explosion, quantitative analysis, risk control, inherent safety