主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 73-78.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

水喷雾对纵向通风隧道火灾及烟气的抑制作用

刘媛鋆1, 龚  成2, 唐智3,4, 高文杰2, 方正3,4   

  1. (1.常州大学 安全科学与工程学院,江苏 常州 213164; 2.武汉桥建集团有限公司,湖北 武汉 430000;3.武汉大学 土木建筑工程学院,湖北 武汉 430072; 4.湖北省城市综合防灾与消防救援工程技术研究中心,湖北 武汉 430072)
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-19 修回日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2026-02-11 发布日期:2026-02-15
  • 作者简介:刘媛鋆,常州大学安全科学与工程学院讲师,博士,主要从事火灾防治、受限空间火灾动力学、火灾风险评估研究,江苏省常州市武进区滆湖中路21号,213164。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52376122,52470110);江苏省教育厅高校自然科学基金项目(23KJD620001)

The inhibiting effect of water spray on fire and smoke in longitudinally-ventilated tunnel

Liu Yuanjun1, Gong Cheng2, Tang Zhi3,4, Gao Wenjie2, Fang Zheng3,4   

  1. (1. School of Safety Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou Jiangsu 213164, China; 2. Wuhan Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan Hubei 430000, China; 3. School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China; 4. Engineering Research Centre of Urban Disasters Prevention and Fire Rescue Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan Hubei 430072, China)
  • Received:2025-03-19 Revised:2025-04-09 Online:2026-02-11 Published:2026-02-15

摘要: 采用缩尺寸隧道火灾试验的方法,研究水喷雾对纵向通风隧道火灾及烟气的抑制作用,试验因素包括火源热释放速率、喷水流量和通风风速。结果表明:全尺寸隧道中火源正上方喷水流量2.8 L/s和5.8 L/s的水喷雾无法扑灭3.6 MW规模的火灾,但能将所需临界风速分别降低50.0%和66.7%。笔者通过分析顶棚烟气最高温升发现,水喷雾能够明显增强纵向风对烟气的冷却效果,且冷却效果与喷水流量大致呈线性关系。

关键词: 消防, 水喷雾, 隧道火灾, 烟气, 纵向通风

Abstract: A series of reduced-scale tunnel fire tests were conducted to study the inhibiting effect of water spray on fire and smoke in longitudinally-ventilated tunnel. The influence of fire heat release rate, water spray flow rate and ventilation velocity were discussed. The results show that the water spray with a flow rate of 2.8 L/s and 5.8 L/s right above the fire source failed to extinguish a 3.6 MW fire, but reduced the required critical velocity by 50.0% and 66.7%, respectively. By analyzing the maximum temperature rise of ceiling smoke, it was found that water spray could enhance the cooling effect of longitudinal ventilation significantly, and the cooling effect is roughly linear with the spray flow rate.

Key words: fire protection, water spray, tunnel fire, fire smoke, longitudinal ventilation