主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 100-108.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

无机防火保温砂浆制备及发泡工艺研究

丁辰1, 吴刚2, 薛凯喜3, 周朝慧3, 朱小伟3,4, 李明吉5   

  1. （1.深圳大学 土木与交通工程学院，广东 深圳 518060； 2.江西应用科技学院 建筑学院，江西 南昌 330100； 3.东华理工大学 土木与建筑工程学院，江西 南昌 330013； 4.江西省建材产品质量监督检验站有限公司，江西 南昌 330001； 5.海南地质综合勘察设计院，海南 海口 570206）
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-30 修回日期:2025-01-26 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-15
  • 作者简介:丁 辰，深圳大学土木与交通工程学院博士研究生，主要从事建筑防火保温材料和能源地下结构等研究，广东省深圳市南山区南海大道3688号，518060。
  • 基金资助:
    中铁十六局集团路桥工程有限公司科学技术研究项目（KYJS-2020-891）

Research on the preparation and foaming process of inorganic fireproof insulation mortar

Ding Chen1, Wu Gang2, Xue Kaixi3, Zhou Chaohui3, Zhu Xiaowei3,4, Li Mingji5   

  1. (1. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Guangdong 518060, China;2. School of Architecture, Jiangxi Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Nanchang Jiangxi 330100, China; 3. School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang Jiangxi 330013, China; 4. Jiangxi Building Materials Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Station Co., Ltd., Nanchang Jiangxi 330001, China; 5. Geologic Survey and Design Institute of Hainan, Haikou Hainan 570206, China)
  • Received:2024-10-30 Revised:2025-01-26 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-15

摘要： 房屋建筑都会被强制要求在外墙结构层墙体和饰面层之间设置保温措施，外墙保温层可以有效减少建筑能耗。为提升无机防火保温砂浆的阻热性能，本研究基于前期成果进一步引入了AOS发泡剂和明胶，研发了一种新型的泡沫保温砂浆，在进行发泡工艺研究的同时还测试了砂浆的耐火性。结果表明，搅拌时间在5～6 min时，发泡效果最佳；发泡液中AOS体积分数为1.5%左右时，产生的泡沫稳定性最强；发泡液中的明胶体积分数为1.5%时稳泡效果较好，能够显著提高起泡的稳定性。经过优化改良后，发泡剂和稳泡剂的最优掺量分别为1.75%、1.00%。发泡剂和明胶的掺入可以在保温砂浆中形成独立封闭的气孔结构，从而显著降低砂浆的干密度和导热系数，但同时会对砂浆力学性能产生负面影响，尤其是对黏结强度的减弱尤为明显。

关键词: 防火保温砂浆, 耐火性, 发泡剂, 明胶稳泡

Abstract: All buildings are mandatorily required to install insulation measures between the exterior wall structural layer and the decorative layer. The exterior wall insulation layer can effectively reduce building energy consumption. To enhance the thermal resistance performance of inorganic fireproof insulation mortar, this study, based on previous research findings, further introduced AOS foaming agent and gelatin to develop a novel foam insulation mortar. While conducting research on the foaming process, the fire resistance of the mortar was also tested. The results indicate that: the optimal foaming effect is achieved when the stirring time is between 5~6 minutes; when the AOS volume fraction in the foaming solution is approximately 1.5%, the generated foam exhibits the highest stability. A gelatin volume fraction of 1.5% in the foaming solution provides better foam stabilization effect, significantly enhancing foam stability. After optimization, the optimal dosages of foaming agent and stabilizing agent were determined to be 1.75% and 1.00%, respectively. The incorporation of foaming agent and gelatin can introduce independent closed-cell pore structures into the insulation mortar, thereby significantly reducing the dry density and thermal conductivity of the mortar. However, it will also have a negative impact on the mechanical properties of the mortar, with particularly significant weakening of the bonding strength.

Key words: fireproof insulation mortar, fire resistance, foaming agent, gelatin foam stabilization