关键词: 防火和灭火, 国际标准化组织, 标准, 标准体系, 技术委员会

Abstract: Against the backdrop of intensifying global technical trade barriers, to hold a sway over international standards has become critically important. This study focuses on the current state of the international standard system for fire protection and fire-extinguishing products, as well as strategies for the conversion of these standards, examining the working mechanisms of the ISO Technical Committee on Fire Prevention and Fire Extinguishing Equipment (ISO/TC21) and the global framework of fire protection standards. Currently, the international fire protection standards landscape is profoundly influenced by European and American countries, which leverage their advantages in technical complementarity, regional collaboration, and procedural rules to utilize key aspects of the process. Although China's participation and contribution have improved, challenges persist, including low acceptance rates of technical proposals, underrepresentation in key positions, and low efficiency in standard conversion. Through an analysis of ISO procedures and standard project workflows, this study proposes a series of strategies: establishing a collaborative management mechanism covering the entire life cycle of international standards to enable real-time monitoring of standard developments; conduct comprehensive project preliminary research, followed by appropriate topic selection and assessment of necessity and feasibility; adhering to ISO rules and selecting appropriate timelines based on project circumstances; standardizing the drafting of English proposals; build a "policy⁃regulation⁃technology⁃standard" four-in-one coordination mechanism to promote the integration of international standard-setting with technological R&D; and strengthening international standardization exchanges. By reinforcing the two-way empowerment between technological innovation and standards leadership, deepening engagement in international rule-making, the aim is to promote China's transformation from a "standard applier" to a "rule maker", providing Chinese solutions to global fire protection industry governance.

Key words: fire prevention and protection, international organization for standardization, standard, standard system, technical committee