主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 45-52.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

泡沫灭火剂热防护性能提升方法研究

柯鑫1,2,3, 张宪忠1,2,3, 包志明1,2,3, 赵婷婷1,2,3   

  1. （1.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381；2.工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381；3.天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381）
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-30 修回日期:2025-05-16 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-15
  • 作者简介:柯鑫，应急管理部天津消防研究所，助理研究员，主要从事新型灭火剂研发，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3004902）；应急管理部天津消防研究所青年科技人才创新基金项目（2024SJCXJJ03）

Research on methods for improving the thermal protection performance of foam extinguishing agents

Ke Xin1,2,3, Zhang Xianzhong1,2,3, Bao Zhiming1,2,3, Zhao Tingting1,2,3   

  1. (1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Received:2024-12-30 Revised:2025-05-16 Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-07-15

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摘要： 研究了添加凝胶法和反应成胶法提升泡沫热防护性能的效果，考察了凝胶添加剂以及胶凝剂和交联剂的用量对泡沫热防护性能的影响。试验结果表明，在15 kW/m2的热辐射强度下，利用添加凝胶法加入1.4%的黄原胶，可以使常规水成膜泡沫的热防护时间从248 s提升到335 s，热防护性能提高了35.1%；而利用反应成胶法得到的凝胶泡沫具有更好的热防护性能，当瓜尔胶用量1.0%、交联剂用量1.0%时，热防护时间可以显著提升到888.5 s，热防护性能提高了258.3%。试验发现，凝胶泡沫在水分蒸干后会形成一层膨胀的固体膜，继续发挥一定热防护作用。反应成胶法不仅提升了泡沫液膜的稳定性，还增强了泡沫在自身水分蒸干后的防护能力，显著延长了泡沫的热防护时间。

关键词: 泡沫灭火剂, 热防护性能, 添加凝胶法, 反应成胶法

Abstract: From the perspective of improving the formulation of foam extinguishing agents, this study investigated the effects of gel addition method and reaction-to-gel method on enhancing the thermal protection performance of foam. The influence of gel additive, as well as the amount of gelling agent and cross-linking agent, on the thermal protection performance of foam was also studied. The experimental results showed that under a heat radiation intensity of 15 kW/m2, the addition of 1.4% xanthan gum using the gel addition method could increase the thermal protection time of conventional aqueous film-forming foam from 248 s to 335 s, achieve an improvement of 35.1%. However, the gel foam obtained using the reaction-to-gel method exhibited superior thermal protection performance. When the amount of guar gum was 1.0% and the amount of cross-linking agent was 1.0%, the thermal protection time could be significantly increased to 888.5 s, achieve an improvement of 258.3%. It was found that after the water evaporated, the gel foam formed an expanded solid film, which continued to exert a certain thermal protection effect. The reaction-to-gel method not only improved the stability of the foam liquid film but also enhanced the protective ability of the foam after its own water evaporated, significantly extending the thermal protection time of the foam.

Key words: foam extinguishing agents, thermal protection performance, gel addition method, reaction-to-gel method