主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 687-692.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

水基型灭火剂扑救中尺度油品火灾和模拟石油储罐火灾性能评估

刘慧敏1,2,3, 李荣振1,2,3, 赵婧1,2,3   

  1. （1.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381； 2.工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381； 3.天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381）
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16 修回日期:2024-10-11 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-15
  • 作者简介:刘慧敏，应急管理部天津消防研究所第三检测部副主任，副研究员，主要从事灭火剂的性能检测、产品研发及灭火技术研究，天津市西青区津涞公路富兴路2号，300382，liuhuimin@tfri.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    应急管理部消防救援局科技计划项目（2022XFLR27）；天津市科技计划多元投入重点项目（22JCZDJC00880）

Evaluation on the fire fighting efficiency for medium-scale typical oil fire and simulated oil storage tank fire of water-based types extinguishing agent

Liu Huimin1,2,3, Li Rongzhen1,2,3, Zhao Jing1,2,3   

  1. (1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Received:2024-08-16 Revised:2024-10-11 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-15

摘要： 为了对比泡沫灭火剂和水系灭火剂在扑救中尺度典型油品火灾和大型石化储罐火灾时的灭火性能，选择水成膜泡沫灭火剂和水系灭火剂特别是“新型”水系灭火剂，搭建中尺度火灾模型和模拟大型石化储罐火灾模型，开展试验研究。通过对比50%控火时间、90%控火时间、灭火时间、25%抗烧时间以及灭火过程中燃料表面温度变化情况，得到上述两种水基型灭火剂的灭火性能对比评估结论。研究结果表明，在扑救中尺度典型油品火灾时，水成膜泡沫灭火剂的发泡倍数、25%析液时间、控火时间、灭火时间等各项性能参数，特别是25%抗烧时间都普遍优于水系灭火剂；在扑救模拟石化储罐火灾时，水成膜泡沫灭火剂的控火时间和灭火时间指标要明显优于水系灭火剂，由此也使得其灭火效能远高于水系灭火剂。因此，建议扑救大型油品火灾特别是石化火灾应选择泡沫灭火剂。

关键词: 泡沫灭火剂, 水系灭火剂, 典型油品火灾, 石油储罐火灾, 灭火时间

Abstract: In order to compare the fire extinguishing performance difference of foam fire extinguishing agents and water-based fire extinguishing agents on fighting mesoscale typical oil fire and large petrochemical storage tank fire, choose aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents and water based extinguishing agents, especially "new" water based extinguishing agents, built mesoscale fire model and simulate large petrochemical tank fire model to carry out the experimental study. By comparing 50% fire control time, 90% fire control time, extinction time and 25% burn-back time and the change of fuel surface temperature in the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing performance of the above two water-based fire extinguishing agents is obtained. The research results show that the performance parameters of the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents, including the expansion, 25% drainage time, fire control time, extinction time, especially 25% burn-back time are better than that of the water based extinguishing agent in mesoscale typical oil fire. In the fire fighting of simulated petrochemical storage tank fire, the fire control time and extinction time of the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent are obviously better than that of water based extinguishing agent, which makes its fire extinguishing efficiency much higher than that of water based extinguishing agent. Therefore, it is suggested that foam extinguishing agent should be selected for large oil fires, especially petrochemical fires.

Key words: foam extinguishing agent, water based extinguishing agent, typical oil fire, oil storage tank fire, extinction time