主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 693-698.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

压缩空气泡沫灭火系统处置有限空间火灾的实战效果研究

李绍宁1, 王建渊2, 杨守生3   

  1. （1.西青区消防救援支队，天津 300380； 2.西安理工大学 电气工程学院，陕西 西安710000； 3.中国消防救援学院，北京102202）
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-31 修回日期:2024-10-30 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-15
  • 作者简介:李绍宁，天津市消防救援总队西青支队高级工程师，博士，主要从事石油化工火灾、各类危险化学品处置工作，天津市西青区杨柳青镇柳丽路38号，300380。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省重点研发计划资助项目（22375408D）

Study on the actual combat effect of compressed air foam fire extinguishing system in dealing with confined space fires

Li Shaoning1, Wang Jianyuan2, Yang Shousheng3   

  1. (1. Xiqing Fire and Rescue Division, Tianjin 300380, China; 2. School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710000, China; 3. China Fire and Rescue Institute, Beijing 102202, China)
  • Received:2024-07-31 Revised:2024-10-30 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-15

摘要： 针对高层、地下、大跨度等有限空间建筑在火灾发生后的灾害特点及其主要危险特性，结合实战需求，借助微细结构压缩空气泡沫灭火系统，利用粒径在100～200 μm区间内的高精度混合压缩空气泡沫体系对有限空间建筑内部的火势进行有效抑制，考察压缩空气泡沫灭火系统气液比、气液混合压力、气液混合速度等相关因素对有限空间建筑火灾处置过程中的实际影响。结果表明，压缩空气泡沫具有发泡充分、泡沫均匀细腻、稳定性好、灭火效能高、抗复燃能力强等优势特性，当压缩空气泡沫灭火系统气液比为6：1、气液混合压力为0.9 MPa、气液混合速度为6 m3/s时，系统取得了最佳灭火效能，对有限空间建筑火灾的实战处置效果明显。试验结果为一线消防救援队伍制定高效的火场处置、战斗编成等成套化灭火技战术措施提供依据，有利于推动队伍实战处置效能的有效提升。

关键词: 压缩空气泡沫, 有限空间建筑, 灭火处置, 析液时间

Abstract: According to the disaster characteristics and main hazard characteristics of high-rise, underground, large-span and other confined space buildings after fire, combined with the actual needs, this paper uses the micro structure compressed air foam extinguishing system, and uses high-precision mixed compressed air foam system with particle size in the range of 100~200 μm to effectively suppress the fire in the confined space buildings, and investigates the actual impact of the gas-liquid ratio, gas-liquid mixing pressure, gas-liquid mixing speed and other related factors of the compressed air foam extinguishing system on the fire disposal process of confined space buildings. The results show that the compressed air foam has the corresponding advantages of sufficient foaming, uniform and delicate foam, good stability, high fire extinguishing efficiency, and strong anti reburning ability. When the gas-liquid ratio of the compressed air foam fire extinguishing system is 6:1, the gas-liquid mixing pressure is 0.9 MPa, and the gas-liquid mixing speed is 6 m3/s, the system achieves the best fire extinguishing efficiency, and has obvious effect on the practical disposal of building fires in confined space. The experimental results provide a basis for efficient fire scene disposal, combat organization, and other comprehensive fire extinguishing technical and tactical measures for frontline firefighting and rescue teams, which is conducive to promoting the effective improvement of the team's practical disposal efficiency.

Key words: compressed air foam, confined space buildings, fire extinguishing and disposal, drainage time