主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 1560-1565.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

基于时域反射法的电力电缆局部过热缺陷定位方法

郑建康1, 褚子平1, 张辉1, 齐浚楷2, 孙海琳3   

  1. （1.国网陕西省电力有限公司西安供电公司，陕西 西安 710032； 2.西安交通大学 数学物理学院，陕西 西安 710049； 3.西安交通大学 电气工程学院，陕西 西安 710049）
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-09 修回日期:2025-08-29 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-15
  • 作者简介:郑建康，国网西安供电公司高压电缆运检中心管理专家，主要从事高压电缆运维与检修方面的研究，陕西省西安市高新区高新六路32号，710032。
  • 基金资助:
    国网陕西省电力有限公司科技项目（5226X6250009）

Positioning method of localized overheating defects in cables based on time-domain reflection method

Zheng Jiankang1, Chu Ziping1, Zhang Hui1, Qi Junkai2, Sun Hailin3   

  1. (1. Xi'an Power Supply Bureau, State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company, Xi'an Shaanxi 710032, China; 2. School of Mathematical Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710049, China; 3. College of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710049, China)
  • Received:2025-06-09 Revised:2025-08-29 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-15

摘要： 为了研究因电力电缆过热引发火灾的早期预警方法，搭建了基于时域反射法的电缆局部过热缺陷定位试验平台，开展了离线与在线定位试验，利用定位误差评估时域反射法的定位性能。结果表明：离线定位试验可实现定位误差不超过1.86%，具有良好的定位效果。为了实现在线定位，在电缆与时域反射仪之间配置了高通滤波器，以抑制工频干扰并保证高频脉冲的传输。将该高通滤波器设计为一个五阶的巴特沃斯高通滤波器，其截止频率为221.1 Hz, 在50 Hz处衰减60.21 dB，经仿真与试验验证，满足设计指标。在线定位试验发现，测试信号注入效率仍然较高，测得定位误差为7.8%。研究成果对于避免突发性大面积停电事故，有效提高消防工作效率，降低电缆通道火灾发生概率具有重要意义。

关键词: 时域反射法, 局部过热, 故障定位, 电缆火灾

Abstract: To investigate early warning methods for fires caused by power cable overheating, an experimental platform based on the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) method was established for locating localized overheating defects in cables. Both offline and online localization experiments were conducted, with the localization performance of the TDR method evaluated using localization error metrics. Results indicate that offline localization achieved an error rate not exceeding 1.86%, demonstrating excellent localization effectiveness. To enable online localization, a high-pass filter was configured between the cable and the TDR to suppress power-frequency interference and ensure high-frequency pulse transmission. This filter was designed as a 5th-order Butterworth high-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 221.1 Hz and 60.21 dB attenuation at 50 Hz. Simulation and experimental verification confirmed it met design specifications. Online localization experiments revealed that the test signal injection efficiency remained high, with a measured positioning error of 7.8%. These research findings hold significant importance for preventing sudden large-scale power outages, effectively enhancing firefighting efficiency, and reducing the probability of cable duct fires.

Key words: time-domain reflectometry method, localized overheating, fault location, cable fires