主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 175-181.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

钼尾矿复合硬质聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃及抗老化性能研究

王亚超, 冯少卿, 赵江平   

  1. （西安建筑科技大学 资源工程学院，陕西 西安 710055）
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-30 修回日期:2025-08-29 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 作者简介:王亚超，西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院副教授，博士，主要从事生态性火安全技术研究，陕西省西安市碑林区建设路139号，710055。

Molybdenum tailings composite rigid polyurethane foam: flame retardancy and aging resistance

Wang Yachao, Feng Shaoqing, Zhao Jiangping   

  1. (School of Resources Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi'an Shaanxi 710055, China)
  • Received:2024-07-30 Revised:2025-08-29 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

摘要： 为提高硬质聚氨酯泡沫（RPUF）的阻燃性和抗老化性，采用甲基膦酸二甲酯（DMMP）、壳聚糖基含9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物（DOPO）阻燃剂（CS-L）与KH-550改性钼尾矿（MT）构建阻燃体系，制备了复合RPUF。通过红外光谱（FT-IR）、色差、水接触角（WCA）、抗压强度、导热系数、极限氧指数（LOI）、垂直燃烧（UL-94）、锥形量热仪（CC）以及热重（TG）等测试方法，研究了含有不同阻燃成分的复合泡沫在老化前后的性能变化。通过计算老化前后泡沫的火灾性能指数（FPI）和火灾增长指数（FGI），评定了材料在老化后的火灾危险性。研究结果表明：DMMP/CS-L/MT复合RPUF的阻燃性和抗老化性能最好。复合泡沫的光老化和水解老化现象减弱、色差变化减小、疏水性增加、抗压性能提升、阻燃性能损失降低。

关键词: 硬质聚氨酯泡沫, 固体废弃物, 钼尾矿, 阻燃性, 抗老化性

Abstract: In order to improve the flame retardancy and anti-aging properties of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), a composite RPUF was prepared by using dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), chitosan containing 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) (CS-L) and KH-550 modified molybdenum tailings (MT) as a flame retardant system. Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), color difference, water contact angle (WCA), compressive strength, thermal conductivity, limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical flame test (UL-94), cone calorimeter (CC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were used to study the performance changes of composite foams containing different flame retardant components before and after aging. The fire performance index (FPI) and fire growth index (FGI) of the foam before and after aging were calculated to evaluate the fire risk change of the material after aging. The results show that the DMMP/CS-L/MT composite RPUF has better flame retardancy and aging resistance. The composite foam shows reduced photodegradation and hydrolytic degradation, smaller color differences, increased hydrophobicity, improved compressive strength, and lower loss in flame retardancy.

Key words: rigid polyurethane foam, solid waste, molybdenum tailings, flame retardant, aging resistance