主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 189-194.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

运动自我效能对消防救援人员职业倦怠的影响及应对策略研究

陈文佳1, 楚灯山1, 王统领2, 朱国庆3   

  1. （1.中国矿业大学 体育学院, 江苏 徐州 221116； 2.湖州师范学院 体育学院，浙江 湖州 313000； 3.中国矿业大学 安全工程学院,江苏 徐州 221116）
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09 修回日期:2025-09-28 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 作者简介:陈文佳，中国矿业大学体育学院体育系副主任，副教授，博士，主要从事体育教育研究，江苏省徐州市大学路1号，221116。
  • 基金资助:
    应急管理部消防救援局科技计划项目（2020XFLR43）

Research on the impact of exercise self-efficacy on occupational burnout of firefighters and its countermeasures

Chen Wenjia1, Chu Dengshan1, Wang Tongling2, Zhu Guoqing3   

  1. (1. School of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China;2. School of Physical Education, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou Zhejiang 313000, China; 3. School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China)
  • Received:2024-10-09 Revised:2025-09-28 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

摘要： 为缓解消防救援人员职业倦怠问题，采用运动自我效能、职业倦怠、体育活动和感知社会支持量表，对408名一线消防救援人员的心理健康状况进行评估，探究运动自我效能与消防救援人员职业倦怠的关系，考查体育活动的中介作用及感知社会支持的调节效应，并提出相应的优化应对策略。结果表明：运动自我效能可直接预测职业倦怠水平，并通过体育活动间接影响职业倦怠。感知社会支持可调节体育活动对职业倦怠的缓解效果，在中等及较高水平群体中，中介效应更为显著。据此提出多维度应对策略：完善体育设施建设，制定个性化训练方案；引入新型运动项目，建立科学激励体系；健全社会支持网络，实施常态化心理健康监测。

关键词: 消防救援人员, 职业倦怠, 运动自我效能, 体育活动, 感知社会支持

Abstract: To alleviate occupational burnout among firefighters, scales measuring exercise self-efficacy, occupational burnout, physical activity, and perceived social support were used to assess the mental health status of 408 front-line firefighters. The study explored the relationship between exercise self-efficacy and occupational burnout among firefighters, examined the mediating role of physical activity and the moderating effect of perceived social support, and proposed corresponding optimization strategies. Results indicate that exercise self-efficacy can directly predict burnout levels and indirectly influences burnout through physical activity. Perceived social support moderates the effect of physical activity on occupational burnout, with the mediating effect being more significant in groups with moderate to high levels. Based on these findings, multidimensional coping strategies are proposed: improving sports facilities and developing personalized training programs; introducing novel sports activities and establishing a scientific incentive system; strengthening social support networks and implementing routine mental health monitoring.

Key words: firefighters, occupational burnout, exercise self-efficacy, physical activity, perceived social support