Abstract: To provide reference for fire safety design in the renovation and revitalization projects of historical and cultural blocks, this article studied the fire separation distance of historical and cultural blocks through fire entity experiments and analyzed the experimental data of temperature and thermal radiation. The results of the full-scale experimental indicate that for historical buildings with brick and wood structures, window fire overflow and thermal particles in historical and cultural blocks may be factors that trigger the spread of fires between historical buildings. During the process of manual intervention in extinguishing the fire, the temperature at the 1.0 m position of the window corresponding to the location of the fire was the highest, with a temperature value of 285.78 ℃. As the distance increased, the temperature decreased, and the temperature in the window area corresponding to the location of the fire was below 35 ℃ at 4.0 m. The maximum thermal radiation at the 1.0 m position of the window corresponding to the location of the fire is 25.67 kW/m2, and the maximum thermal radiation at the 2.0 m position of the window corresponding to the location of the fire is 8.58 kW/m2. In the full-scale experimental of the fire in this historic and cultural block of Huizhou architecture, for buildings with noncombustible exterior walls, setting up a 4.0 m fire separation zone could effectively prevent fire and provide insulation. Considering a certain safety margin, it is recommended to use a 6.0 m wide fire separation zone between the fire groups or fire control zones in the historic conservation area.

Key words: historic conservation blocks, historical buildings, fire separation distance, full-scale fire experiment