主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1668-1671.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

建筑结构火灾下倒塌预警手段及干涉雷达应用探讨

尹亮1,2,3，阚强1，范峰2,3，叶继红4   

  1. 1. 应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津300381；2. 哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔150090；3. 哈尔滨工业大学土木工程智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔滨150090；4. 中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室，江苏徐州221116
  • 出版日期:2020-12-15 发布日期:2020-12-15
  • 作者简介:尹亮（1987—），男，黑龙江哈尔滨人，应急管理部天津消防研究所助理研究员，哈尔滨工业大学博士研究生，主要从事建筑结构耐火性能研究，天津市南开区卫津南路110 号，300381。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目课题（2018YFC0807601）；公安部科技强警基础工作专项项目（2017GABJC18）；应急管理部天津消防研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目（2019SJ18）

Discussion on early warning means of building structure collapse under fire and application of Interferometric Radar

YIN Liang1,2,3，KAN Qiang1，FAN Feng2,3， YE Ji-hong4   

  1. 1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Instituteof MEM，Tianjin 300381，China；2. Key Laboratory of StructuresDynamic Behavior and Control of MOE，Harbin Instituteof Technology，Heilongjiang Harbin 150090，China；3. KeyLaboratory of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil EngineeringDisasters of MIIT，Harbin Institute of Technology，HeilongjiangHarbin 150090，China；4. State Key Laboratory ForGeomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering，China Universityof Mining and Technology，Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116，China

  • Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-15

摘要：

对建筑结构火灾中的倒塌事故进行预警是当前建筑灭火救援亟需研究的内容。对现有的倒塌预警手段进行了梳理分析，指出其优势与不足之处，针对当前的预警手段仍集中于“单点探测”，在部分典型建筑的火灾救援中应用受限等问题，着重对干涉雷达的使用进行了介绍，对雷达波穿透大空间局部火焰体的性能开展了测试。研究发现：干涉雷达波基本不受油盘火焰影响，整体装置误差处于亚毫米级，但在使用中应注意区分非结构构件引起的变形，并建议完善使用多雷达组合获得关键构件空间坐标的方法，开发的基于区域探测的预警装置及算法，对重要建筑在使用全寿命中的位移进行监测。

关键词: 消防, 建筑火灾, 倒塌预警, 雷达系统, 变形监测

Abstract:

The research on the early warning means of collapseof building structure in fire accidents is an urgent need for currentbuilding fire extinguishing and rescue.The author combedand analyzed the characteristics of the proposed collapse warning means, pointed out their advantages and disadvantages,emphaticallyaddressed the application of Interferometric Radar,and tested the performance of radar waves penetrating localizedfire plumes in large space.The results indicate that: the currentearly warning means are mainly focused on "single point detection",and the application in some typical building fires is limited;the interference radar wave is basically not influenced by theflame of oil pan, and the total error of device is in the submillimeterlevel, but attention should be paid to distinguish the deformationcaused by some non- structural elements.It is suggestedthat the method of obtaining the spatial coordinates of key memberthrough the combined use of multiple radars should be improved,and the early warning device and algorithm based on regionaldetection should be built, and the deformation monitoringmeans for the whole life cycle of important buildings should be developed.

Key words:  fire protection, building fire, collapse warning, radarsystem, deformation monitoring