基于Fluent的民机中央油箱热分析仿真及可燃性评估

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1754-1758.

基于Fluent的民机中央油箱热分析仿真及可燃性评估

陈农田, 苏清宇, 张玉城, 李琳琳

（中国民用航空飞行学院，四川广汉 618307）

收稿日期:2024-08-06 修回日期:2024-10-10 出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-25
作者简介:陈农田，中国民用航空飞行学院航空工程学院教授，硕士生导师，工学博士，主要从事航空安全与适航技术、人机环境系统工程及通用航空技术的研究，四川省德阳市广汉市南昌路 46号，618307。
基金资助:
四川省科技厅重点研发计划项目（2022YFG0213）；民航局安全能力基金项目（ASSA2022/17）

Thermal analysis simulation and flammability evaluation of central fuel tank for civil aircraft based on Fluent

Chen Nongtian, Su Qingyu, Zhang Yucheng, Li Linlin

(Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan Sichuan 618307, China)

Received:2024-08-06 Revised:2024-10-10 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 燃油箱作为适航安全的重点关注对象，其可燃性是影响飞机飞行安全的重要因素。为探究未采用可燃性降低措施的某飞机中央油箱在特定飞行包线下的可燃性，考虑飞行过程中燃油消耗情况，建立中央油箱传热模型和两相流模型，对燃油温度传热过程进行三维仿真，并将仿真数据与飞行试验数据进行对比，以验证模型的准确性和仿真结果的可信性。根据RP-3燃油的可燃温度界限计算油箱的可燃性暴露时间，并根据相关适航标准规定的可燃性暴露时间对机身油箱进行可燃性评估。结果表明：仿真的燃油温度数据与飞行试验数据误差较小，最大相对误差不超过10.24%，可信度高。在选定的飞行阶段时间计算域下，机身油箱的可燃性暴露时间为76.7%，油箱可燃性风险极高。因此，加强对燃油温度的监控以及对机身油箱采取可燃性降低措施至关重要。

关键词: 机身油箱, 传热模型, 两相流模型, 三维仿真, 可燃性评估

Abstract: As a key focus of airworthiness safety, the fuel tank's flammability is a crucial factor affecting flight safety. To investigate the flammability of the central fuel tank of a certain aircraft under specific flight envelopes without adopting flammability reduction measures (FRM), considering the fuel consumption during the flight, a heat transfer model and a two-phase flow model of the central fuel tank were established. A three-dimensional simulation of the fuel temperature heat transfer process was conducted, and the simulation data were compared with flight test data to verify the accuracy of the model and the credibility of the simulation results. The flammability exposure time of the fuel tank was calculated based on the flammable temperature limit of RP-3 fuel, and the flammability of the fuselage fuel tank was assessed in accordance with the flammability exposure time specified by relevant airworthiness standards. The results show that the error between the simulated fuel temperature data and the flight test data is small, and the maximum relative error is not more than 10.24%, indicating high reliability. Under the selected flight phase time calculation domain, the flammability exposure time of the fuselage fuel tank is 76.7%, posing an extremely high flammability risk. Therefore, monitoring the fuel temperature and adopting FRM for the fuselage fuel tank are crucial.

Key words: fuselage fuel tank, heat transfer model, two-phase flow model, three-dimensional simulation, flammability assessment

陈农田, 苏清宇, 张玉城, 李琳琳. 基于Fluent的民机中央油箱热分析仿真及可燃性评估[J]. 消防科学与技术, 2025, 44(12): 1754-1758.

Chen Nongtian, Su Qingyu, Zhang Yucheng, Li Linlin. Thermal analysis simulation and flammability evaluation of central fuel tank for civil aircraft based on Fluent[J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2025, 44(12): 1754-1758.