主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 977-982.

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用于检测锂离子电池热失控的仿生电子鼻气室设计

张伟1, 杨雪2, 黄鑫3, 张海军2   

  1. （1.中国民航大学 交通科学与工程学院，天津 300300；2.中国民航大学 安全科学与工程学院，天津300300；3.中国民航大学 民航热灾害防控与应急重点实验室，天津 300300）
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-01 修回日期:2024-08-12 出版日期:2025-07-24 发布日期:2025-07-15
  • 作者简介:张 伟，中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院讲师，主要从事民航热灾害早期预警、光电检测技术方面的研究，天津市东丽区津北公路2898号，300300。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市杰出青年科学基金项目（21JCJQJC00040）；国家自然科学基金民航联合研究基金（U2133201）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项（3122020048）

A bionic electronic nose gas chamber design for detecting lithium-ion battery thermal runaway

Zhang Wei1, Yang Xue2, Huang Xin3, Zhang Haijun2   

  1. (1. College of Transportation Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China; 2. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China;3. The Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Disaster Prevention and Emergency Response, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China)
  • Received:2024-07-01 Revised:2024-08-12 Online:2025-07-24 Published:2025-07-15

摘要： 锂离子电池热失控危害民航运输安全。为了提升锂离子电池热失控检测精准性、缩短检测时间，设计了一种适用于锂离子电池热失控气体检测的仿生电子鼻气室。通过分析犬类鼻腔内部的结构及流场分布情况，模仿犬类鼻腔特征，利用正交试验优化仿生气室结构和尺寸，最后采用仿真软件模拟验证提出的仿生气室的效果。结果表明：该气室能够使气体更加快速均匀地到达传感器阵列，并与传感器阵列充分接触，相比于仿生气室内部整体区域，可实现传感器阵列区域的气体质量分数提升44.93%，相比于普通方形气室，仿生气室内传感器阵列区域的气体质量分数提升10.01%。

关键词: 锂离子电池热失控, 电子鼻, 仿生设计, 气室, 仿真分析

Abstract: Lithium-ion battery thermal runaway poses a significant threat to the safety of civil aviation transportation. In order to improve the accuracy and reduce the detection time of lithium-ion battery thermal runaway, this paper presents the design of a bionic electronic nose gas chamber specifically tailored for detecting thermal runaway gases from lithium-ion batteries. The study first analyzes the structure and flow field distribution within the canine nasal cavity, and then mimics its key characteristics. Using orthogonal experiments, the structure and dimensions of the bionic gas chamber are optimized. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed bionic gas chamber is verified through simulation software. The results indicate that the gas chamber facilitates a quicker and more uniform flow of gases to the sensor array, ensuring full contact. Compared to the entire area inside the bionic gas chamber, the mass fraction of gases in the region of the sensor array is enhanced by 44.93%. Furthermore, when compared to a conventional square gas chamber, the gas mass fraction in the sensor array region of the bionic gas chamber is increased by 10.01%.

Key words: lithium-ion battery thermal runaway, electronic nose, bionic design, air chamber, simulation