主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 168-174.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

不同类型低倍泡沫灭火剂稳定性及灭火兼容性试验研究

尚峰举1, 张佳庆1, 谢佳2, 孔得朋3, 王东升3   

  1. （1.国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 电力火灾与安全防护安徽省重点实验室（国家电网公司输变电设施火灾防护实验室），安徽 合肥 230601； 2.国网安徽省电力有限公司，安徽 合肥 230022； 3.中国石油大学（华东）机电工程学院，山东 青岛 266580）
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-30 修回日期:2025-02-12 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 作者简介:尚峰举，国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院（电力火灾与安全防护安徽省重点实验室），安徽电机工程学会电力消防专委会秘书长，博士研究生，主要从事电力安全防护技术方面的工作，安徽省合肥市经济技术开发区紫云路 299 号，230601，sfj@mail.ustc.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目（52120523000L）

Experimental study on the stabilization and extinguishing compatibility of different types of low-expansion foam extinguishing agents

Shang Fengju1, Zhang Jiaqing1, Xie Jia2, Kong Depeng3, Wang Dongsheng3   

  1. (1. State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electric Fire and Safety Protection (State Grid Laboratory of Fire Protection for Transmission and Distribution Facilities), Hefei Anhui 230601, China; 2. State Grid Anhui Electric Power Company, Hefei Anhui 230022, China; 3. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao Shandong 266580, China)
  • Received:2024-10-30 Revised:2025-02-12 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

摘要： 低倍泡沫灭火剂是针对油类火灾的有效方法之一，但其种类繁多，组成成分差异较大，不同类型泡沫灭火剂的兼容性问题亟待探究。本研究选用了3种典型低倍泡沫灭火剂:水成膜泡沫灭火剂（AFFF）、氟蛋白泡沫灭火剂（FP）和合成泡沫灭火剂（S），两两进行了5种比例混合，开展了理化及灭火试验，系统分析了混合类型及比例对析液时间、粗化速率、铺展过程和灭火时间的影响。结果表明：AFFF中混入少量FP可以一定程度提升其泡沫稳定性，表现在更慢的析液和粗化速率，而AFFF/S和FP/S混合泡沫则表现出较差的稳定性。此外，由于稳定性的提升，AFFF/FP混合泡沫在混合比例3：1时表现出较好的灭火性能。FP/S混合泡沫由于稳定性较差，灭火所用时间最长，即灭火性能较差。因此，AFFF与FP具有一定的兼容性，特殊情况下可以一定比例混合使用。

关键词: 低倍泡沫灭火剂, 析液, 粗化, 灭火时间

Abstract: Foam extinguishing agents are one of the effective methods for combating oil fires; however, there are numerous types with significant variations in their compositions, and the compatibility issues among different types of foam extinguishing agents need to be explored. This study selected three typical low-expansion foam extinguishing agents: aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), fluoroprotein foam (FP), and synthetic foam (S). These were mixed in five different ratios in pairs, and physical-chemical and extinguishing experiments were conducted to systematically analyze the effects of the mixing types and ratios on drainage time, coarsening rate, spreading process, and extinguishing time. The results indicate that adding a small amount of FP to AFFF can enhance its foam stability to some extent, as evidenced by slower drainage and coarsening rates, while AFFF/S and FP/S mixed foams showed poorer stability. Furthermore, due to the enhanced stability, the AFFF/FP mixed foam exhibited better extinguishing performance at a mixing ratio of 3：1. The FP/S mixed foam, due to its lower stability, required the longest time for extinguishing, indicating poorer performance. Therefore, AFFF and FP demonstrate a certain degree of compatibility and can be mixed in specific ratios under certain conditions.

Key words: foam extinguishing agent, drainage, coarsening, extinguishing time