主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 110-115.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

室内火灾辐射换热对轰燃影响的理论分析和试验研究

李俊楠1, 付艳云2, 朱彦博3   

  1. （1.开封市消防救援支队，河南 开封 475000； 2.北京市科学技术研究院城市系统工程研究所，北京 100035； 3.河南省消防救援总队，河南 郑州 450008）
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-22 修回日期:2025-03-13 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 作者简介:李俊楠，开封市消防救援支队，初级专业技术职务，主要从事消防监督和火灾理论方面的研究，河南省开封市示范区五大街119号消防支队，475000，ljn88990110@126.com。

Theoretical analysis and experimental study on the influence of radiant heat transfer on flashover in indoor fires

Li Junnan¹, Fu Yanyun²， Zhu Yanbo3   

  1. （1. Kaifeng Fire and Rescue Division, Kaifeng Henan 475000, China; 2. Institute of Urban Systems Engineering, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100035, China; 3. Henan Fire and Rescue Brigade, Zhengzhou Henan 450008, China)
  • Received:2025-01-22 Revised:2025-03-13 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-15

摘要： 热辐射是室内火灾热交换的主导方式，对研究轰燃发生机理有重要意义。通过分析竖向火焰、热烟气层和内衬材料的辐射换热过程，建立室内火灾多表面辐射换热理论模型，推导出地板中心可燃物接收到的辐射通量数学表达式，探究室内火灾辐射换热过程对轰燃发生的影响，并通过小尺寸试验验证、修正理论模型。结果表明，位于墙角的火焰辐射出的热量仅有0.2%~2.0%达到地板中心，大部分情况低于0.7%，竖向火焰对水平放置在地板上的可燃物的辐射作用可忽略不计；修正后的理论模型在轰燃发生前预测准确率可达80%，结合轰燃发生时的辐射通量判据，可预测轰燃发生时烟气层分界面的高度。

关键词: 室内火灾, 轰燃, 辐射换热, 火焰, 烟气层

Abstract: Thermal radiation is the dominant mode of heat exchange in indoor fires, and it is of great significance for studying the flashover mechanism. By analyzing the radiant heat transfer processes of vertical flames, hot smoke layers and lining materials, a theoretical model of multi-surface radiant heat transfer in indoor fires was established, and the mathematical expression of the radiant heat flux received by combustibles at the floor center was derived. The influence of radiant heat transfer processes in indoor fires on flashover occurrence was explored, and the theoretical model was verified and modified through small-scale experiments. The results show that only 0.2% to 2.0% of the heat radiated by the flame located at the corner reaches the center of the floor, which is less than 0.7% in most cases, indicating that the radiation effect of vertical flames on combustibles horizontally placed on the floor is negligible. The prediction accuracy of the modified theoretical model can reach 80% before flashover occurs. Combined with the radiant heat flux criterion at flashover, the height of the smoke layer interface when flashover occurs can be predicted.

Key words: indoor fire, flashover, radiant heat transfer, flame, smoke layer