主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 175-181.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

低气压对气溶胶多波长光学特性的影响研究

汪璐瑶1,2, 卜宗豪1,2, 刘全义1,2, 王海斌1,2   

  1. （1.中国民用航空飞行学院 民航安全与工程学院，四川 广汉 618307； 2.中国民用航空飞行学院 民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室，四川 广汉 618307）
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-04-08 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 作者简介:汪璐瑶，中国民用航空飞行学院民航安全与工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事低压环境下三波长火灾探测研究，四川省德阳市广汉市南昌路46号，618307。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2024YFC3014400）；四川省重点试验室项目（MZ2024JB02，MZ2022JB01）

Study of the effect of low air pressure on the multi-wavelength optical properties of aerosols

Wang Luyao1,2, Bu Zonghao1,2, Liu Quanyi1,2, Wang Haibin1,2   

  1. (1. College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan Sichuan 618307, China; 2. Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan Sichuan 618307, China)
  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-04-08 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-15

摘要： 基于三波长探测平台和动压变温试验舱，探讨低气压环境对烟雾光学消光特性的影响，并结合试验与机理分析，揭示低气压对气溶胶颗粒特性的作用机制。通过在50、70、90 kPa的低压环境下进行火灾试验，获取了光功率和粒子数浓度数据。结果表明，阴燃烟雾的光功率随着压力的降低而减小，最低光功率值下降，衰减和回升速率加快，且达到最低值的时间提前；而明火烟雾的光功率则呈现增加并伴随着波动加剧的趋势。烟雾粒子浓度的变化与燃烧行为密切相关。

关键词: 变压环境, 火灾探测, 光功率, 粒子数浓度

Abstract: Based on a three-wavelength detection platform and a dynamic pressure-variable temperature test chamber, the effects of low-pressure environments on the optical extinction characteristics of smoke were investigated, and the mechanism by which low pressure affects aerosol particle characteristics was revealed by combining experimental and mechanistic analyses. Fire experiments were conducted under low-pressure environments of 50, 70, 90 kPa to obtain the optical power and particle number concentration data. The results show that the optical power of smoldering smoke decreases with decreasing pressure, with the minimum optical power value significantly decreasing, the rates of decay and rebound both accelerating, and the time to reach the minimum value being significantly advanced. While the optical power of open-flame smoke exhibits an increasing trend accompanied by intensified fluctuations. The variation in smoke particle concentration is closely related to the combustion behavior.

Key words: variable pressure environment, fire detection, optical power, particle number concentration