主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 64-70.DOI: 10.20168/j.1009-0029.2026.08.0064.07

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移动应急火炬热噪复合暴露下安全距离与防护策略研究

陈洪亮1,2, 沈建国3   

  1. （1.应急管理部上海消防研究所，上海 200032；2.灭火救援技术与装备应急管理部重点实验室，上海 200032；3.上海市金山区消防救援支队，上海 201507）
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-04 修回日期:2026-04-26 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-15
  • 作者简介:陈洪亮，应急管理部上海消防研究所特聘副研究员，主要从事抢险救援技术与装备研究，上海市徐汇区中山南二路601号，200032，chenhongliang@shfri.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    应急管理部上海消防研究所基科费项目（23SX22）

Research on safety distance and protective strategies for mobile emergency flares under combined thermal-noise exposure

Chen Hongliang1,2, Shen Jianguo3   

  1. (1. Shanghai Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Rescue Technology and Equipment of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China; 3. Jinshan Fire and Rescue Division of Shanghai, Shanghai 201507, China)
  • Received:2026-03-04 Revised:2026-04-26 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-15

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摘要： 为了研究移动应急火炬热辐射与噪声复合作用对安全距离的影响以及人员防护策略，采用工程化模拟和理论分析相结合的方法，探究了某规格火炬在不同工况下的热辐射和噪声影响范围，并提出了基于作业时间的最小安全距离定量划定方法和人员分类防护策略。结果表明，无防护下的火炬噪声安全距离远大于热辐射安全距离。最小安全距离可根据作业时间判定：长时作业时，85 dB（A）噪声影响距离为最小安全距离；中时作业时，等效噪声接触限值的影响距离为最小安全距离；短时作业时，下风向热辐强度1.58 kW/m2对应的安全距离为最小安全距离。在非安全距离内，需知悉所处位置的热辐射强度与噪声声压级，再根据对应停留时间长短判定防护重点和策略。因此，根据热噪复合影响范围和作业时间划定火炬安全距离，并制定分区域、分类别的防护措施，可有效降低现场人员受伤害风险。

关键词: 应急火炬, 热噪复合, 安全距离, 防护

Abstract: To investigate the impact of the coupled thermal radiation and noise effects of mobile emergency flares on safe distances and personnel protection strategies, this study adopted a combined method of engineering simulation and theoretical analysis. The thermal radiation and noise impact ranges of a flare of a given specification under different operating conditions were explored, and a quantitative method for determining the minimum on-site safe distance based on work duration, along with a classified personnel protection strategy, was proposed. The results show that, in the absence of protective measures, the noise-determined safe distance of the flare is significantly greater than the thermal radiation-determined safe distance. The minimum safe distance can be defined according to work duration: for long-term operations, the impact distance corresponding to the 85 dB(A) noise limit is defined as the minimum safe distance; for medium-term operations, the impact distance corresponding to the equivalent noise exposure limit is adopted as the minimum safe distance; and for short-term operations, the safe distance corresponding to a downwind thermal radiation intensity of 1.58 kW/m² is taken as the minimum safe distance. In non-safe zones, it is necessary to first identify the thermal radiation intensity and noise sound pressure level at the location, and then determine the protection priorities and strategies based on the duration of stay. Thus, delimiting flare safe distances based on the coupled thermal-noise impact ranges and work duration, and implementing zoned and classified protection measures, can effectively reduce the risk of injury to on-site personnel.

Key words: emergency flare, thermal-noise coupling, safe distances, protection