主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 126-132.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

不同泡沫灭火剂扑救沸溢性油品火灾试验研究

靖立帅1,2,3, 郝天姿1,2,3, 胡成1,2,3, 申凯亮1,2,3, 张宪忠1,2,3   

  1. （1.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381； 2.工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381； 3.天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381）
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-06 修回日期:2026-05-11 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-15
  • 作者简介:靖立帅，应急管理部天津消防研究所副研究员，硕士，主要从事灭火剂及灭火技术研究，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381，jinglishuai@tfri.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3004902）；应急管理部天津消防研究所基科费项目（2025SJ13，2025SJ14）

Experimental study on extinguishing boiling-over oil fires with different foam fire extinguishing agents

Jing Lishuai1,2,3, Hao Tianzi1,2,3, Hu Cheng1,2,3, Shen Kailiang1,2,3, Zhang Xianzhong1,2,3   

  1. (1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China)
  • Received:2025-08-06 Revised:2026-05-11 Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-09-15

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摘要： 基于标准油盘火灭火试验模型，构建了厚度约1 cm、温度范围为300~500 ℃的宽温域高温热油层，建立了具有良好可重复性的沸溢性油品火灭火试验评价方法。对4种泡沫灭火剂开展灭火试验，结果表明，I A级6%AFFF与3%AFFF/AR均可在1 min内实现快速灭火，灭火效果等级排序为I A级6%AFFF和3%AFFF/AR > II B级3%FP > III B级3%S，与泡沫灭火剂性能等级排序一致，验证了该评价方法能够有效区分不同级别泡沫灭火剂对沸溢性油品火的灭火性能差异。油面温度最大降低速率对应时刻与泡沫灭火剂90%控火时间较为接近，其机理在于泡沫有效覆盖油面后消除了火焰辐射热反馈作用，由此证明泡沫覆盖效果是影响沸溢性油品火灾灭火结果的主导因素。

关键词: 沸溢性油品, 泡沫灭火, 评价方法

Abstract: Based on the standard oil-pan fire extinguishing test model, a high-temperature oil layer with a thickness of approximately 1 cm and a wide temperature range of 300~500 ℃ was constructed, and a repeatable test and evaluation method for extinguishing boiling-over oil pool fires was established. Fire extinguishing tests were conducted using four types of foam extinguishing agents. The results indicate that both I A-grade 6%AFFF and 3%AFFF/AR can achieve rapid fire suppression within 1 min. The ranking of fire extinguishing effectiveness is I A-grade 6%AFFF and 3%AFFF/AR > II B-grade 3%FP > III B-grade 3%S, which is consistent with the performance grade ranking of the foam agents. This confirms that the established evaluation method can effectively distinguish the fire-extinguishing performance differences of different grades of foam agents on boiling-over oil pool fires. Furthermore, the time corresponding to the maximum cooling rate of the oil surface temperature is in close agreement with the 90% fire-control time of the foam agents. The underlying mechanism is that the effective foam coverage on the oil surface eliminates the radiant heat feedback from the flame, thereby demonstrating that foam coverage effectiveness is the dominant factor influencing the extinguishing performance of boiling-over oil pool fires.

Key words: boiling-over oil, foam fire extinguishing, evaluation methodology